ABSTRACT

Aotearoa New Zealand has recently seen a growth in outlaw biker membership since the Australian Rebels MC patched over several chapters of the tribesmen MC in 2011. From these bases, they spread throughout Aotearoa New Zealand becoming one of the largest outlaw biker clubs in the country. The Rebels were not the first overseas-based club to establish a presence in Aotearoa New Zealand and would not be the last as Australia deports outlaw bikers with Aotearoa New Zealand citizenship back to their birth country. This paper provides an overview of the two major phases of outlaw biker internationalization in Aotearoa New Zealand while highlighting the developmental and historical changes in this process between the twentieth and the twenty-first century. In so doing we can compare the nuances of expansion within Aotearoa New Zealand and emphasizing continuities and similarities, but also departures from the global experience of outlaw biker internationalization. This article provides an up-to-date account of outlaw bikers in Aotearoa New Zealand up to 2020 since Jarrod Gilbert’s historical account in 2013, extending our knowledge of a little known part of the outlaw biker world.

摘要

自从澳大利亚叛军 MC 在 2011 年修补了部落民 MC 的几个章节以来，新西兰奥特阿罗阿最近看到了非法骑自行车的会员人数的增长。从这些基地开始，他们遍布整个新西兰奥特阿罗，成为该国最大的非法骑自行车俱乐部之一。Rebels 并不是第一家在新西兰成立的海外俱乐部，也不会是最后一家，因为澳大利亚将拥有新西兰公民身份的非法骑自行车者驱逐回他们的出生国。本文概述了新西兰 Aotearoa 非法骑自行车者国际化的两个主要阶段，同时强调了 20 世纪至 21 世纪这一过程中的发展和历史变化。通过这样做，我们可以比较新西兰 Aotearoa 扩张的细微差别，并强调连续性和相似性，但也偏离了非法骑车国际化的全球经验。这篇文章提供了自 2013 年 Jarrod Gilbert 的历史记录以来，截至 2020 年新西兰奥特阿罗阿非法骑自行车者的最新记录，扩展了我们对非法骑自行车世界鲜为人知的部分的了解。