Recent years have seen a surge in the popularity of interventions that target common distortions in thinking (cognitive-bias modification, or CBM). Although there is evidence of their effectiveness as add-ons to regular treatment in alcohol addiction, the effects are typically small, and recent findings from lab studies have called into question the dominant theoretical underpinnings of CBM. We provide a novel theoretical approach in terms of automatic inferences that integrates previous findings and suggests ways to improve CBM into ABC training. In ABC training, patients are trained in the context of personally relevant antecedents (A) to make behavioral choices (B) that accord with patients’ health goals in light of their consequences (C). We discuss preliminary evidence suggesting that ABC training might be a useful tool in the treatment of addictions and related disorders.

近年来，针对针对思维中常见失真（认知偏见修改或CBM）的干预措施的普及正在迅速增加。尽管有证据表明它们可作为常规疗法治疗酒精成瘾的有效药物，但其作用通常很小，实验室研究的最新发现使人们对煤层气的主要理论基础提出了质疑。我们提供了一种自动推理方面的新颖理论方法，该方法综合了先前的发现并提出了将CBM改进为ABC训练的方法。在ABC培训中，将在个人相关前提条件下对患者进行培训（A）根据其后果（C）做出符合患者健康目标的行为选择（B）。