The positive affect and negative affect schedule (PANAS) is a popular measure of positive (PA) and negative affectivity (NA). Developed and validated in Western contexts, the 20‐item scale has been frequently administered on respondents from Asian countries with the assumption of cross‐cultural measurement invariance. We examine this assumption via a rigorous multigroup confirmatory factor analysis, which allows us to assess between‐group differences in both strength of scale item‐to‐latent factor relationship (metric invariance test) and mean of each scale item (scalar invariance test), on a large sample of 1,065 respondents recruited from Singapore (Asian sample) and the United States (Western sample). We found that two items assessing PA (“excited” and “proud”) and three items assessing NA (“guilty,” “hostile,” and “ashamed”) exhibited metric noninvariance whereas 11 of the remaining metric invariant items exhibited scalar noninvariance, suggesting that the PA and NA constructs differ from what the PANAS is expected to measure for Asian respondents. Our findings serve as a cautionary note to researchers who intend to administer the PANAS in future studies as well as to researchers interpreting the results of past studies involving respondents from Asian countries.

中文翻译：

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研究亚洲（新加坡）样本和西方（美国）样本之间正面和负面影响时间表的跨文化有效性

正面和负面情绪时间表（PANAS）是衡量正面（PA）和负面情感（NA）的常用指标。在西方背景下开发和验证的20项量表通常是在跨文化测量不变性的假设下，对来自亚洲国家的受访者进行管理的。我们通过严格的多组验证性因素分析检验了这一假设，这使我们能够评估规模项与潜在因素之间的关系强度（度量不变性检验）和每个规模项的均值（度量不变性检验），从新加坡（亚洲样本）和美国（西方样本）招募的1,065名受访者中进行抽样调查。我们发现，有两个评估PA（“兴奋”和“骄傲”）的项目和三个评估NA（“有罪”，“敌对，”和“羞愧”）展示了度量不变性，而其余11个度量不变项则表现出标量不变性，这表明PA和NA构造与PANAS预期为亚洲受访者衡量的构造有所不同。对于打算在未来研究中使用PANAS的研究人员以及解释来自亚洲国家/地区受访者的以往研究结果的研究人员，我们的发现为我们提供了警告。