The magnitude of infectious diseases in 21st century created an urgent need for point-of-care diagnostics. Critical shortages in reagents and testing kits have had a large impact on the ability to test patients with a suspected parasitic, bacteria, fungal and viral infections. New point-of-care tests need to be highly sensitive, specific, and easy to use and provide results in rapid time. Infrared spectroscopy, coupled to multivariate and machine learning algorithms, has the potential to meet this unmet demand requiring minimal sample preparation to detect both pathogenic infectious agents and chronic disease markers in blood. This focal point article will highlight the application of FTIR spectroscopy to detect disease markers in blood focusing principally on parasites, bacteria, viruses, cancer markers and important analytes indicative of disease. Methodologies and state-of-the-art approaches will be reported and potential confounding variables in blood analysis identified. The article provides an up to date review of the literature on blood diagnosis using infrared spectroscopy highlighting the recent advances in this burgeoning field.

中文翻译：

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EXPRESS: 血液红外光谱

21 世纪传染病的严重性产生了对即时诊断的迫切需求。试剂和检测试剂盒的严重短缺对检测疑似寄生虫、细菌、真菌和病毒感染患者的能力产生了很大影响。新的床旁检测需要高度灵敏、特异且易于使用，并能快速提供结果。红外光谱与多变量和机器学习算法相结合，有可能满足这种未满足的需求，需要最少的样品制备来检测血液中的病原体感染因子和慢性疾病标志物。这篇焦点文章将重点介绍 FTIR 光谱在检测血液中的疾病标志物方面的应用，主要关注寄生虫、细菌、病毒、癌症标志物和指示疾病的重要分析物。将报告方法论和最先进的方法，并确定血液分析中的潜在混杂变量。本文对使用红外光谱进行血液诊断的文献进行了最新回顾，重点介绍了这一新兴领域的最新进展。