We assessed the effect of a daytime sleep opportunity on planning and risk-related decision-making in emerging adults using multiple neurobehavioral assessments. A total of 136 healthy emerging adults (20.0 ± 1.5 years), 65% female, performed the Risky-Gains Task and the Tower of London test twice. Between these assessments, they were randomized to either have a sleep opportunity monitored by polysomnography (Sleep group, n = 101) or to stay awake (Wake group, n = 35). During Test 2, in comparison to the Sleep group, the Wake group showed increased sleepiness, worse planning ability and more decrease in reaction times when selecting risky choices. Changes in Tower of London test steps used and Risky-Gains Task response time correlated with the number of central and frontal fast sleep spindles, respectively. These results indicate that among emerging adults who commonly have poor sleep patterns, a daytime sleep opportunity was related to better planning ability, better psychomotor vigilance and stable response speeds in risk-related decision-making. Changes in planning and risk-related decision-making correlated with the number of sleep spindles during the nap, supporting a specific role for sleep in modulating planning and potentially other higher-order cognitive functions.

中文翻译：

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白天睡眠对新兴成年人计划和风险相关决策的保护作用

我们使用多种神经行为评估评估了日间睡眠机会对新兴成年人的计划制定和与风险相关的决策的影响。共有136名健康的新兴成年人（20.0±1.5岁），其中65％是女性，进行了两次风险收益测试和伦敦塔测试。在这些评估之间，他们被随机分为多导睡眠图监测睡眠机会（睡眠组，n  = 101）或保持清醒（觉醒组，n） = 35）。在测试2中，与“睡眠”组相比，“觉醒”组表现出增加的嗜睡性，较差的计划能力以及在选择高风险选项时反应时间更多的减少。伦敦塔测试步骤和风险收益任务响应时间的变化分别与中央和额叶快速睡眠纺锤的数量相关。这些结果表明，在通常睡眠方式较差的新兴成年人中，白天的睡眠机会与更好的计划能力，更好的心理运动警觉性和风险相关决策中稳定的响应速度有关。计划和风险相关决策的变化与午睡期间的睡眠纺锤数相关，支持睡眠在调节计划和其他潜在的更高阶认知功能中的特定作用。