Nanocellulose is a unique and natural compound extracted from native cellulose using different extraction techniques. Nanocellulose is currently attracting attention due to its excellent properties such as special surface chemistry, exceptional physical and chemical strength, and rich hydroxyl groups for modification. In addition, its significant biological properties, like biodegradability, biocompatibility, and non-toxicity, accompanied by being environmentally friendly, are added advantages. The current review is focused on the lignocellulosic biomass processing methods for nanocellulose production and their usage for eco-friendly and environmental sustainability. We have also described insights into different techniques by which cellulosic materials can be changed into cellulose nanofibers (CNFs) and cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs). Lastly, we further discussed how nano-cellulosic materials are being used in a variety of industries such as the food sector, biomedical hygiene products, health care, water purification, and sensors. In the review, the unique uses of nanocelluloses in the production of nanocomposite materials, like flexible supercapacitor and polymer matrix, toward minimizing the utilization of global fossil energy and environmental pollution are envisaged. Finally, the significant application of nanomaterials in the areas of packaging industries, health and hygienic sector, cosmetics, and other important sectors are discussed. In the aspect of techno-economically feasibility, nano-cellulose-based materials may prove to be outstanding, environment friendly, and mitigate effluent load.

纳米纤维素是使用不同提取技术从天然纤维素中提取的独特天然化合物。纳米纤维素由于其优异的性能（例如特殊的表面化学，出色的物理和化学强度以及丰富的改性羟基基团）而受到了关注。另外，其显着的生物学特性，如生物降解性，生物相容性和无毒性，以及对环境的友好性，也增加了优势。当前的审查集中在用于纳米纤维素生产的木质纤维素生物质加工方法及其在生态友好和环境可持续性方面的用途。我们还描述了对不同技术的见解，通过这些技术可以将纤维素材料更改为纤维素纳米纤维（CNF）和纤维素纳米晶体（CNC）。最后，我们进一步讨论了纳米纤维素材料如何用于各种行业，例如食品，生物医学卫生产品，保健，水净化和传感器。在该综述中，设想了纳米纤维素在纳米复合材料（如柔性超级电容器和聚合物基体）生产中的独特用途，以最大程度地减少对全球化石能源的利用和环境污染。最后，讨论了纳米材料在包装行业，健康和卫生领域，化妆品以及其他重要领域中的重要应用。在技​​术经济可行性方面，基于纳米纤维素的材料可能被证明是出色的，环境友好的并减轻了废水负荷。