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Borel reducibility and symmetric models
Transactions of the American Mathematical Society ( IF 1.2 ) Pub Date : 2020-11-03 , DOI: 10.1090/tran/8250
Assaf Shani

We develop a correspondence between the study of Borel equivalence relations induced by closed subgroups of $S_\infty$, and the study of symmetric models and weak choice principles, and apply it to prove a conjecture of Hjorth-Kechris-Louveau (1998). For example, we show that the equivalence relation $\cong^\ast_{\omega+1,0}$ is strictly below $\cong^\ast_{\omega+1,<\omega}$ in Borel reducibility. By results of Hjorth-Kechris-Louveau, $\cong^\ast_{\omega+1,<\omega}$ provides invariants for $\Sigma^0_{\omega+1}$ equivalence relations induced by actions of $S_\infty$, while $\cong^\ast_{\omega+1,0}$ provides invariants for $\Sigma^0_{\omega+1}$ equivalence relations induced by actions of abelian closed subgroups of $S_\infty$. We further apply these techniques to study the Friedman-Stanley jumps. For example, we find an equivalence relation $F$, Borel bireducible with $=^{++}$, so that $F\restriction C$ is not Borel reducible to $=^{+}$ for any non-meager set $C$. This answers a question of Zapletal, arising from the results of Kanovei-Sabok-Zapletal (2013). For these proofs we analyze the symmetric models $M_n$, $n<\omega$, developed by Monro (1973), and extend the construction past $\omega$, through all countable ordinals. This answers a question of Karagila (2016).

中文翻译:

Borel 可约性和对称模型

我们建立了由 $S_\infty$ 的封闭子群引起的 Borel 等价关系的研究与对称模型和弱选择原理的研究之间的对应关系,并将其应用于证明 Hjorth-Kechris-Louveau (1998) 的猜想。例如,我们证明等价关系 $\cong^\ast_{\omega+1,0}$ 在 Borel 可约性中严格低于 $\cong^\ast_{\omega+1,<\omega}$。根据 Hjorth-Kechris-Louveau 的结果,$\cong^\ast_{\omega+1,<\omega}$ 提供了 $\Sigma^0_{\omega+1}$ 由 $S_\ 的动作引起的等价关系的不变量infty$,而 $\cong^\ast_{\omega+1,0}$ 为 $\Sigma^0_{\omega+1}$ 等价关系提供了不变量,该等价关系由 $S_\infty$ 的阿贝尔封闭子群的作用引起。我们进一步应用这些技术来研究 Friedman-Stanley 跳跃。例如,我们找到了一个等价关系 $F$,Borel 可与 $=^{++}$ 相约,因此对于任何非微薄集合 $C$,$F\restriction C$ 都不是 Borel 可约化为 $=^{+}$ . 这回答了 Zapletal 的问题,该问题源于 Kanovei-Sabok-Zapletal (2013) 的结果。对于这些证明,我们分析了 Monro (1973) 开发的对称模型 $M_n$、$n<\omega$,并将构造扩展到 $\omega$ 之后,通过所有可数序数。这回答了 Karagila (2016) 的一个问题。通过所有可数序数。这回答了 Karagila (2016) 的一个问题。通过所有可数序数。这回答了 Karagila (2016) 的一个问题。
更新日期:2020-11-03
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