This study finds significant differences in hepatic fatty acid composition between four groups of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) consisting of offspring from families selected for high and low capacities to express the delta 6 desaturase isomer b and fed diets with 10% or 75% fish oil. The results demonstrated that hepatic lipid metabolism was affected by the experimental conditions (diet/family). The fatty acid composition in the four groups mirrored the dietary composition differences, but it was also associated with the family groups. Small RNA sequencing followed by RT-qPCR identified twelve differentially expressed miRNAs (DE miRNAs) with expression associated with family groups (miR-146 family members, miR-200b, miR-214, miR-221, miR-125, miR-135, miR-137, miR_nov_1), diets (miR-203, miR-462) or both conditions. All the conserved DE miRNAs have been reported as associated with lipid metabolism in other vertebrates. In silico predictions revealed 37 lipid metabolism pathway genes including desaturases, transcription factors and key enzymes in the synthesis pathways as putative targets (e.g. srebp-1 and 2, Δ6fad_b and c, hmdh, elovl4 and 5b, cdc42). RT-qPCR analysis of selected target genes showed expression changes that were associated with diet and with family groups (d5fad, d6fad_a, srebp-1). There was reciprocal difference in abundance of ssa-miR-203a-3p and srebp-1 in one group comparison, while other predicted targets did not reveal any evidence of being negatively regulated by degradation. More experimental studies are needed to validate and fully understand the predicted interactions and how the DE miRNAs may participate in regulation of hepatic lipid metabolism. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

中文翻译：

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家庭背景和膳食脂肪酸组成对大西洋鲑鱼肝脏 miRNA 表达的调节

本研究发现，四组大西洋鲑鱼 (Salmo salar) 的肝脏脂肪酸组成存在显着差异，这些组的后代来自根据高和低表达 delta 6 去饱和酶异构体 b 的能力选择的家庭，以及喂食含 10% 或 75% 鱼油的饮食. 结果表明，肝脏脂质代谢受实验条件（饮食/家庭）的影响。四组的脂肪酸组成反映了饮食组成的差异，但也与家庭群体有关。小 RNA 测序和 RT-qPCR 鉴定了 12 种差异表达的 miRNA（DE miRNA），其表达与家族组（miR-146 家族成员、miR-200b、miR-214、miR-221、miR-125、miR-135、 miR-137、miR_nov_1）、饮食（miR-203、miR-462）或两种情况。据报道，所有保守的 DE miRNA 都与其他脊椎动物的脂质代谢有关。计算机预测揭示了 37 个脂质代谢途径基因，包括合成途径中的去饱和酶、转录因子和关键酶（例如 srebp-1 和 2、Δ6fad_b 和 c、hmdh、elovl4 和 5b、cdc42）。所选靶基因的 RT-qPCR 分析显示与饮食和家庭组（d5fad、d6fad_a、srebp-1）相关的表达变化。在一组比较中，ssa-miR-203a-3p 和 srebp-1 的丰度存在相互差异，而其他预测目标没有显示任何被降解负调节的证据。需要更多的实验研究来验证和充分理解预测的相互作用以及 DE miRNA 如何参与肝脏脂质代谢的调节。本文受版权保护。版权所有。