Introduction

Familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) is a genetic disorder that causes elevated low-density lipoprotein–cholesterol (LDL-C) levels. If undiagnosed and untreated in childhood, affected individuals can suffer premature health complications. Statins reduce the risks of complications for adults, but less is known about children. This systematic review examined the effectiveness of statin therapy for lowering LDL-C levels in children with FH.

Method

Medline Ovid, Embase, CINAHL, and Allied Health Literature Plus were searched for studies that examined the effectiveness of stains in children ages 1–18 years with heterozygous FH.

Results

Of the 706 articles identified, 10 were included in the review. Statin therapy significantly reduced LDL-C levels in pediatric patients with FH. Statins were safe and well-tolerated with minimal adverse effects.

Discussion

Pediatric providers should be familiar with diagnosis, treatment, and management of FH to successfully lower LDL-C levels and avoid potential long-term health effects. Evidence suggests statins are safe and effective in children with FH.

中文翻译：

---

他汀类药物对儿童和青少年家族性高胆固醇血症的影响：系统评价

介绍

家族性高胆固醇血症 (FH) 是一种遗传性疾病，可导致低密度脂蛋白胆固醇 (LDL-C) 水平升高。如果在儿童时期未得到诊断和治疗，受影响的个体可能会出现过早的健康并发症。他汀类药物可降低成人并发症的风险，但对儿童知之甚少。本系统评价检查了他汀类药物治疗降低 FH 儿童 LDL-C 水平的有效性。

方法

搜索了 Medline Ovid、Embase、CINAHL 和 Allied Health Documentation Plus 的研究，以检查染色剂对 1-18 岁杂合子 FH 儿童的有效性。

结果

在确定的 706 篇文章中，有 10 篇被纳入评价。他汀类药物治疗可显着降低 FH 儿科患者的 LDL-C 水平。他汀类药物安全且耐受性良好，副作用极小。

讨论

儿科医生应熟悉 FH 的诊断、治疗和管理，以成功降低 LDL-C 水平并避免潜在的长期健康影响。有证据表明他汀类药物对 FH 儿童是安全有效的。