We study a new class of vector dark energy models where multi-Proca fields $A_{\mathrm{\mu }}^a$ are coupled to cold dark matter by the term $f\left(X\right){\tilde{\mathcal{L}}}_m$ where $f\left(X\right)$ is a general function of $X\equiv -\frac{1}{2}{A}_a^{\mathrm{\mu }}{A}_{\mathrm{\mu }}^a$ and ${\tilde{\mathcal{L}}}_m$ is the cold dark matter Lagrangian. From here, we derive the general covariant form of the novel interaction term sourcing the field equations. This result is quite general in the sense that encompasses Abelian and non-Abelian vector fields. In particular, we investigate the effects of this type of coupling in a simple dark energy model based on three copies of canonical Maxwell fields to realize isotropic expansion. The cosmological background dynamics of the model is examined by means of a dynamical system analysis to determine the stability of the emergent cosmological solutions. As an interesting result, we find that the coupling function leads to the existence of a novel scaling solution during the dark matter dominance. Furthermore, the critical points show an early contribution of the vector field in the form of dark radiation and a stable de Sitter-type attractor at late times mimicking dark energy. The cosmological evolution of the system as well as the aforementioned features are verified by numerical computations. Observational constraints are also discussed to put the model in a more phenomenological context in the light of future observations.

我们研究了一类新的矢量暗能量模型，其中多Proca场 ${\mathrm{一种}}_{\mathrm{\mu }}^{\mathrm{一种}}$ 通过术语与冷暗物质耦合 $F（X）{\widetilde{\mathcal{大号}}}_{米}$ 哪里 $F（X）$ 是...的一般功能 $X\equiv -\frac{\mathrm{1个}}{2}{\mathrm{一种}}_{\mathrm{一种}}^{\mathrm{\mu }}{\mathrm{一种}}_{\mathrm{\mu }}^{\mathrm{一种}}$ 和 ${\widetilde{\mathcal{大号}}}_{米}$是冷的暗物质拉格朗日。从这里，我们推导出源于场方程的新型相互作用项的一般协变形式。从包含阿贝尔向量场和非阿贝尔向量场的意义上来说，此结果是相当笼统的。特别是，我们在基于规范Maxwell场的三个副本的简单暗能量模型中研究了此类耦合的影响，以实现各向同性展开。通过动力学系统分析检查模型的宇宙学背景动态，以确定新兴宇宙学解决方案的稳定性。作为一个有趣的结果，我们发现耦合函数导致在暗物质占主导地位期间存在新颖的缩放解决方案。此外，临界点以暗辐射的形式显示了矢量场的早期贡献，而在后期模仿暗能量的时候则显示出稳定的de Sitter型吸引子。通过数值计算验证了系统的宇宙学演变以及上述特征。还讨论了观察性约束，以根据将来的观察将模型置于更多的现象学背景中。