Abstract Coupled migration of water and heat is one of the core problems in studying the frost-heave and thaw-weakening problems in cold regions. Determination of the hydraulic conductivity of frozen soils is the key to understanding this process. The hydraulic conductivity of a frozen soil is related to the liquid water flow in pores among soil solid and pore ice, which differs from the hydraulic conductivity of an unfrozen soil. This study develops a new hydraulic conductivity model for frozen soils based on the Kozeny-Carman equation, which is consistent in form with the hydraulic conductivity model of unfrozen soils. The proposed model is validated against existing models and measured data in the literature. Parametric analysis of the model shows that the unfrozen water saturation and shape coefficient ratio are important parameters that affect the hydraulic conductivity. In addition, the proposed model can be simplified to a power function, which is very easy to use. The new model only requires one fitting parameter and has a clear physical basis.

中文翻译：

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将 Kozeny-Carman 方程推广到冻结土壤

摘要 水热耦合迁移是寒区冻胀弱化问题研究的核心问题之一。确定冻土的导水率是理解这一过程的关键。冻土的导水率与土壤固体和孔隙冰之间孔隙中液态水的流动有关，这与未冻土的导水率不同。本研究基于 Kozeny-Carman 方程开发了一种新的冻土导水率模型，该模型在形式上与未冻土的导水率模型一致。所提出的模型针对现有模型和文献中的测量数据进行了验证。模型参数分析表明，未冻水饱和度和形状系数比是影响导水率的重要参数。此外，所提出的模型可以简化为幂函数，非常易于使用。新模型只需要一个拟合参数，具有明确的物理基础。