Chronic kidney disease (CKD) has been typically implicated in cardiovascular risk, considering the function the kidney has related to blood pressure, vitamin D, red blood cell metabolism, and electrolyte and acid-base regulation. However, neurological consequences are also attributed to this disease. Among these, recent large epidemiological studies have demonstrated an increased risk for Parkinson’s disease (PD) in patients with CKD. Multiple studies have evaluated individually the association of blood pressure, vitamin D, and red blood cell dysmetabolism with PD, however, no study has reviewed the potential mechanisms related to these components in context of CKD and PD. In this review, we explored the association of CKD and PD and linked the components of the former to propose potential pathways explaining a future increased risk for PD, where renin-angiotensin system, oxidative stress, and inflammation have a main role. Potential preventive and therapeutic interventions based on these associations are also explored. More preclinical studies are needed to confirm the potential link of CKD conditions and future PD risk, whereas more interventional studies targeting this association are warranted to confirm their potential benefit in PD.

考虑到肾脏与血压、维生素 D、红细胞代谢以及电解质和酸碱调节相关的功能，慢性肾病 (CKD) 通常与心血管风险有关。然而，神经学后果也归因于这种疾病。其中，最近的大型流行病学研究表明，CKD 患者患帕金森病 (PD) 的风险增加。多项研究分别评估了血压、维生素 D 和红细胞代谢障碍与 PD 的关系，但是，没有研究回顾与 CKD 和 PD 背景下这些成分相关的潜在机制。在这篇综述中，我们探讨了 CKD 和 PD 的关联，并将前者的组成部分联系起来，提出了解释未来 PD 风险增加的潜在途径，其中肾素-血管紧张素系统、氧化应激和炎症起主要作用。还探讨了基于这些关联的潜在预防和治疗干预措施。需要更多的临床前研究来确认 CKD 病症和未来 PD 风险之间的潜在联系，而更多针对这种关联的干预性研究有必要确认它们在 PD 中的潜在益处。