Wind erosion is one of the significant causes of soil and environmental degradation in arid and semiarid regions. Mulching is the most prevailing management scenario which applies to preserve the soil against erosive forces. In this study, effects of different organic and mineral mulches including O-Mulch (Organic-Mulch) at three levels: O₁: 1% sugarcane bagasse biochar + 0.5% Arabic gum + 0.5% gelatin; O₂: 3% sugarcane bagasse biochar + 1% Arabic gum + 1% Gelatin; O₃: 5% combination of sugarcane bagasse biochar + 1.5% Arabic gum + 1.5% gelatin), M-Mulch (Mineral-Mulch, Natural white powdery substance) (at three levels: M₁: 1%, M₂: 3% and M₃: 5%) and H-Mulch (Hydrogel-Mulch with Nano silica) (at three levels: H₁: 0.5%, H₂: 1% and H₃: 1.5%), on soil physical and mechanical properties evaluated. The experiment performed in a completely randomized design with three replications. This study accomplished in the Koopal area located in the southeast of ​​Khuzestan Province, Iran Country. The treatments applied to the soils in the plots of 50 × 30 × 5 cm at 75% of field capacity, then incubated for two and four months. After incubation, plots exposed to the open-jet Wind tunnel for 10 min at a speed of 21 m/s on 15 cm above the surface. Analysis of variance revealed that the effect of different levels of treatments on soil physical and mechanical properties in both two and four-month incubation was significant (P < 0.01). Our results illustrated that with increasing mulch levels, the organic carbon (OC), mean weight diameter (MWD), penetration resistance (PR), shear strength (SS), and tensile strength (TS) significantly increased. Moreover, with enhancing mulch application levels to the soil, friability index (FI), soil texture index (STI), and crusting index (CI) decreased meaningfully (P < 0.01). Regarding the effectiveness of mulching on soil physical and mechanical properties, the soil loss diminished. Results confirmed that O-Mulch at all levels, H-Mulch and M-Mulch at the highest levels, had the best effect on soil loss mitigation because of their improving effects on soil characteristics. Generally, the applied treatments resulted in declining of soil erosion by increasing aggregate stability, creating a protective layer, and armoring effect on the soil surface.

风蚀是干旱和半干旱地区土壤和环境退化的重要原因之一。覆盖是最流行的管理方案，适用于保护土壤免受侵蚀。在这项研究中，不同的有机和矿物覆盖物的效果包括三个级别的O-Mulch（有机-Mulch）：O ₁：1％甘蔗渣生物炭+ 0.5％阿拉伯胶+ 0.5％明胶；O ₂：3％甘蔗渣生物炭+ 1％阿拉伯胶+ 1％明胶；O ₃：5％的甘蔗渣生物炭+ 1.5％阿拉伯胶+ 1.5％明胶的组合，M-Mulch（矿物质-Mulch，天然白色粉末状物质）（三个级别：M ₁：1％，M ₂：3％和M ₃：5％）和H-Mulch（具有纳米二氧化硅的水凝胶-Mulch）（三个级别：H ₁：0.5％，H ₂：1％和H ₃：1.5％），对土壤的物理和机械性能进行了评估。该实验以完全随机的设计进行，重复了3次。这项研究是在位于伊朗国家胡泽斯坦省东南部的库普尔地区完成的。在田间持水量为75％的情况下，在50×30×5 cm的地块上对土壤进行处理，然后孵育两个月和四个月。孵育后，在地面上方15厘米处以21 m / s的速度将地块暴露于开放式风洞10分钟。方差分析表明，在两个月和四个月的培养中，不同水平的处理对土壤物理和机械性能的影响均显着（P <0.01）。我们的结果表明，随着覆盖水平的提高，有机碳（OC），平均重量直径（MWD），耐穿透性（PR），抗剪强度（SS），拉伸强度（TS）显着提高。此外，随着地膜覆盖水平的提高，脆性指数（FI），土壤质地指数（STI）和结皮指数（CI）显着降低（P <0.01）。关于覆盖对土壤物理和机械性质的有效性，土壤流失减少了。结果证实，所有水平的O-Mulch，H-Mulch和M-Mulch由于对土壤特性的改善作用，对减轻土壤流失的效果最佳。通常，所施加的处理通过增加集料的稳定性，形成保护层以及对土壤表面的装甲作用而导致土壤侵蚀的减少。土壤质地指数（STI）和结壳指数（CI）显着降低（P <0.01）。关于覆盖对土壤物理和机械性质的有效性，土壤流失减少了。结果证实，所有水平的O-Mulch，H-Mulch和M-Mulch由于对土壤特性的改善作用，对减轻土壤流失的效果最佳。通常，所施加的处理通过增加集料的稳定性，形成保护层以及对土壤表面的装甲作用而导致土壤侵蚀的减少。土壤质地指数（STI）和结壳指数（CI）显着降低（P <0.01）。关于覆盖对土壤物理和机械性质的有效性，土壤流失减少了。结果证实，所有水平的O-Mulch，H-Mulch和M-Mulch由于对土壤特性的改善作用，对减轻土壤流失的效果最佳。通常，所施加的处理通过增加集料的稳定性，形成保护层以及对土壤表面的装甲作用而导致土壤侵蚀的减少。对土壤流失的缓解效果最好，因为它们对土壤特性的改善作用。通常，所施加的处理通过增加集料的稳定性，形成保护层以及对土壤表面的装甲作用而导致土壤侵蚀的减少。对土壤流失的缓解效果最好，因为它们对土壤特性的改善作用。通常，所施加的处理通过增加集料的稳定性，形成保护层以及对土壤表面的装甲作用而导致土壤侵蚀的减少。