Cities in the USA and around the world have begun to take an active role in responding to climate change. A central requirement for effective urban climate strategies is the capacity to understand and measure how the climate is changing, the physical, environmental, and social impacts of the changes, and whether adaptation and resiliency policies and programs put in place in response are working. The objective of this paper is to review and assess how urban climate change and resiliency efforts can be measured and to define what might serve as meaningful indicator and monitoring protocols. The New York City Panel on Climate Change (NPCC) is used as a case study along with a reviews of the emerging literature of urban climate change indicators to analyze the requirements and processes needed for a successful urban climate resiliency indicator and monitoring (I and M) system. In the paper, the basic requirements of a proposed Urban Climate Resilience Indicators and Monitoring System are presented. A specific illustration of an I and M system for tracking the urban heat island highlights challenges as well as potential solutions embedded within such systems. Discussions how these protocols can be translated to other locales and settings, as well as the relationship to the US National Climate Assessment indicator process, are presented.

中文翻译：

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城市气候弹性的指标和监测系统

美国和世界各地的城市已开始在应对气候变化方面发挥积极作用。有效的城市气候战略的核心要求是能够理解和衡量气候如何变化，变化对物理、环境和社会的影响，以及为响应而制定的适应和恢复政策和计划是否有效。本文的目的是审查和评估如何衡量城市气候变化和弹性工作，并定义什么可以作为有意义的指标和监测协议。纽约市气候变化专门委员会 (NPCC) 被用作案例研究以及对新兴城市气候变化指标文献的评论，以分析成功的城市气候弹性指标和监测所需的要求和过程（I 和 M ） 系统。在本文中，提出了所提议的城市气候复原力指标和监测系统的基本要求。用于跟踪城市热岛的 I 和 M 系统的具体说明突出了挑战以及嵌入在此类系统中的潜在解决方案。讨论如何将这些协议转化为其他地区和环境，以及与美国国家气候评估指标过程的关系。介绍了拟议的城市气候复原力指标和监测系统的基本要求。用于跟踪城市热岛的 I 和 M 系统的具体说明突出了挑战以及嵌入在此类系统中的潜在解决方案。讨论如何将这些协议转化为其他地区和环境，以及与美国国家气候评估指标过程的关系。介绍了拟议的城市气候复原力指标和监测系统的基本要求。用于跟踪城市热岛的 I 和 M 系统的具体说明突出了挑战以及嵌入在此类系统中的潜在解决方案。讨论如何将这些协议转化为其他地区和环境，以及与美国国家气候评估指标过程的关系。