This paper reviews the conditions for ensuring the space consolidation and time reconciliation of all scales involved in power system energy planning. At the upper space scale, a simplified description of the grid based on the Kuramoto model is adopted to assess the stability of the synchronism state of the power system. The consequences of a massive dissemination of renewables for the future of the power system is addressed in the case of France in a long-term planning exercise up to 2050. Attention is paid to how the new capacities are dispatched among the administrative regions. While a favorable impact of sparse generation on the synchronism is obtained, the constraint on the inertia provided by the kinetic energy has to be endogenized to enforce an operable power mix under admissible disturbances.

中文翻译：

---

从集中式到分散式电力系统：法国的空间分析

本文回顾了确保电力系统能源规划中涉及的所有规模的空间整合和时间协调的条件。在较高的空间尺度上，采用基于Kuramoto模型的电网简化描述来评估电力系统同步状态的稳定性。在法国直到2050年的长期规划中，都解决了大规模传播可再生能源对电力系统未来的影响。人们关注如何在行政区域之间分配新容量。虽然获得了稀疏生成对同步的有利影响，但必须内生对动能提供的惯性的约束，以在可允许的干扰下强制执行可操作的功率混合。