Organ transplantation has become an established and life-saving treatment for patients with end-stage organ failure. However, patients still face constraints when it comes to access to transplantation, as well as its efficacy. One major concern is the global shortage of organs for transplantation. The World Health Organization estimates that only 10% of the worldwide need for organ transplantation is being met [1] and, according to United Network for Organ Sharing, an average of 20 Americans die each day while waiting for a transplant [2]. In addition, even after an organ is transplanted, long-term outcomes remain uncertain. Half of organ transplants fail within ten years of being transplanted, including as many as 75% of intestines and lungs [1]. To prevent rejection of a donor organ, transplant recipients must adhere to lifelong immunosuppressant drug regimens, the side effects of which include increased risk for life-threatening infections.

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克服器官移植的挑战

器官移植有成为终末期器官衰竭患者的成熟且挽救生命的治疗方法。然而，患者在获得移植及其功效方面仍然面临限制。一个主要问题是全球移植器官短缺。世界卫生组织估计，全球器官移植需求仅能满足 10%[1] 而且，根据器官共享联合网络的数据，平均每天有 20 名美国人在等待移植期间死亡 [2]. 此外，即使器官移植后，长期结果仍然不确定。半数器官移植在移植后十年内失败，包括多达 75% 的肠和肺[1]. 为了防止对供体器官的排斥，移植受者必须终生坚持使用免疫抑制剂药物治疗方案，其副作用包括增加危及生命的感染风险。