ABSTRACT

Although several studies exploring Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) factorial structure have been conducted, few of them have tested the ICD-11 and the DSM-5-based models in samples from low-income countries. Yet, most PTSD factorial structure research does not use external variables to confirm the model’s validity. The present study aims to investigate the PTSD factorial structure according to the ICD-11, DSM-5 and Anhedonia models in a multicultural sample of migrants and refugees. We also verified the associations between trauma type (interpersonal vs. non-interpersonal) and PTSD factorial structures. Factorial validity was assessed using Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA). A Multiple Indicators Multiple Causes (MIMIC) model was performed in order to verify associations between trauma type and the PTSD factorial structures. The final sample comprised 150 participants originally from 32 different countries. ICD-11 was the best fitting model, but all three models presented adequate fit. High cross-factor correlations were found in DSM-5 and Anhedonia models. The MIMIC model indicated that little of ICD-11 factors’ variation was explained by trauma-type. Trauma type’s influence on PTSD manifestation was mostly present on factors containing symptoms that are not considered PTSD core symptoms (e.g., dysphoric symptoms).

摘要

尽管已经进行了几项探索创伤后应激障碍 (PTSD) 因子结构的研究，但很少有人在来自低收入国家的样本中测试了 ICD-11 和基于 DSM-5 的模型。然而，大多数 PTSD 因子结构研究不使用外部变量来确认模型的有效性。本研究旨在根据 ICD-11、DSM-5 和 Anhedonia 模型在移民和难民的多元文化样本中调查 PTSD 因子结构。我们还验证了创伤类型（人际关系与非人际关系）和 PTSD 因子结构之间的关联。使用验证性因子分析 (CFA) 评估因子有效性。执行多指标多原因 (MIMIC) 模型以验证创伤类型与 PTSD 因子结构之间的关联。最终样本包括最初来自 32 个不同国家的 150 名参与者。ICD-11 是最佳拟合模型，但所有三个模型都表现出足够的拟合。在 DSM-5 和 Anhedonia 模型中发现了高交叉因素相关性。MIMIC 模型表明，ICD-11 因子的变异很少可以用创伤类型来解释。创伤类型对 PTSD 表现的影响主要存在于包含不被视为 PTSD 核心症状（例如，烦躁症状）的症状的因素上。