The early detection of congenital anomaly epidemics occurs when comparing current with previous frequencies in the same population. The success of epidemiologic surveillance depends on numerous factors, including the accuracy of the rates available in the base period, wide population coverage, and short periodicity of analysis. This study aims to describe the Latin American network of congenital malformation surveillance: ReLAMC, created to increase epidemiologic surveillance in Latin America. We describe the main steps, tasks, strategies used, and preliminary results. From 2017 to 2019, five national registries (Argentina [RENAC], Brazil [SINASC/SIM‐BRS], Chile [RENACH], Costa Rica [CREC], Paraguay [RENADECOPY‐PNPDC]), six regional registries (Bogotá [PVSDC‐Bogota], Cali [PVSDC‐Cali], Maule [RRMC SSM], Nicaragua [SVDC], Nuevo‐León [ReDeCon HU], São Paulo [SINASC/SIM‐MSP]) and the ECLAMC hospital network sent data to ReLAMC on a total population of 9,152,674 births, with a total of 101,749 malformed newborns (1.1%; 95% CI 1.10–1.12). Of the 9,000,651 births in countries covering both live and stillbirths, 88,881 were stillborn (0.99%; 95% CI 0.98–0.99), and among stillborns, 6,755 were malformed (7.61%; 95% CI 7.44–7.79). The microcephaly rate was 2.45 per 10,000 births (95% CI 2.35–2.55), hydrocephaly 3.03 (2.92–3.14), spina bifida 2.89 (2.78–3.00), congenital heart defects 15.53 (15.27–15.79), cleft lip 2.02 (1.93–2.11), cleft palate and lip 2.77 (2.66–2.88), talipes 2.56 (2.46–2.67), conjoined twins 0.16 (0.14–0.19), and Down syndrome 5.33 (5.18–5.48). Each congenital anomaly showed heterogeneity in prevalence rates among registries. The harmonization of data in relation to operational differences between registries is the next step in developing the common ReLAMC database.

中文翻译：

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拉丁美洲先天性畸形监测网络：ReLAMC

先天性异常流行的早期检测发生在将同一人群中的当前频率与以前的频率进行比较时。流行病学监测的成功取决于多种因素，包括基期可用比率的准确性、广泛的人口覆盖范围和较短的分析周期。本研究旨在描述拉丁美洲先天性畸形监测网络：ReLAMC，旨在加强拉丁美洲的流行病学监测。我们描述了主要步骤、任务、使用的策略和初步结果。2017 年至 2019 年，五个国家注册（阿根廷 [RENAC]、巴西 [SINASC/SIM-BRS]、智利 [RENACH]、哥斯达黎加 [CREC]、巴拉圭 [RENADECOPY-PNPDC]），六个区域注册（波哥大 [PVSDC-波哥大]、卡利 [PVSDC-Cali]、莫莱 [RRMC SSM]、尼加拉瓜 [SVDC]、新莱昂 [ReDeCon HU]、圣保罗 [SINASC/SIM-MSP]) 和 ECLAMC 医院网络向 ReLAMC 发送了总人口 9,152,674 名新生儿的数据，共有 101,749 名畸形新生儿（1.1%；95% CI 1.10–1.12）。在涵盖活产和死产的国家的 9,000,651 例新生儿中，88,881 例为死产（0.99%；95% CI 0.98–0.99），在死产中，6,755 例畸形（7.61%；95% CI 7.44–7.79）。小头畸形率为 2.45/10,000（95% CI 2.35-2.55），脑积水 3.03（2.92-3.14），脊柱裂 2.89（2.78-3.00），先天性心脏缺陷 15.53-.52-15.21（左唇） 2.11)、腭裂和唇裂 2.77 (2.66–2.88)、talipes 2.56 (2.46–2.67)、连体双胞胎 0.16 (0.14–0.19) 和唐氏综合症 5.33 (5.18–5.48)。每个先天性异常在登记处之间的流行率上都表现出异质性。