Flexible, low-cost and scalable, nanostructured conductive paper-based, efficient hygroelectric generator,Energy & Environmental Science

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Flexible, low-cost and scalable, nanostructured conductive paper-based, efficient hygroelectric generator
Energy & Environmental Science ( IF 32.4 ) Pub Date : 2020-11-25 , DOI: 10.1039/d0ee03111a
Kelly S. Moreira _{1,

2,

3,

4} , Diana Lermen _{1,

2,

3,

4} , Leandra P. dos Santos _{4,

5,

6,

7} , Fernando Galembeck _{4,

5,

6,

7} , Thiago A. L. Burgo _{1,

2,

3,

4,

8}

Affiliation

Electric energy harvesting mediated by atmospheric humidity was first demonstrated in 2010, followed by the description of different approaches by many authors. Moisture-based energy-harvesting devices usually contain metals and/or are fabricated using nanomaterials and lithographic processes. Here we present a flexible energy harvesting device that is an asymmetric capacitor, formed by two electrodes made out of Kraft paper coated with exfoliated and reassembled graphite (ERG). The electrodes are doped with different chemicals and finished using standard papermaking processes. The voltage output of a single ERG-based hygroelectric generator (ERG-HEG) cell is as high as 0.5 V and it can deliver 250 nA of electric current through a 2 MΩ resistor, for days. The voltage and current outputs can be scaled up by connecting ERG-HEGs in series or parallel. Energy harvesting is also achieved by short (5 seconds) cyclic capacitor charge/discharge extending for more than two weeks. Examinaton of the electrodes during their operation, using Kelvin probe and microscopy analysis, showed that negative charge carriers are the main actors in the ERG-HEG devices. The low material cost, the simple fabrication processes and the energy output invite further development and scaling-up of this “green” alternative for producing electricity.

中文翻译：

灵活，低成本且可扩展的纳米结构导电纸基高效水力发电器

由大气湿度介导的电能收集最早于2010年得到证明，随后许多作者描述了不同的方法。基于水分的能量收集设备通常包含金属和/或使用纳米材料和光刻工艺制造。在这里，我们介绍了一种灵活的能量收集装置，它是一个不对称电容器，由两个电极制成，这两个电极是由牛皮纸制成的，该牛皮纸上涂有脱落和重新组装的石墨（ERG）。电极掺有不同的化学物质，并使用标准的造纸工艺精加工。单个基于ERG的湿式发电器（ERG-HEG）电池的电压输出高达0.5 V，并且可以通过2MΩ电阻器持续几天提供250 nA电流。通过串联或并联连接ERG-HEG，可以按比例放大电压和电流输出。短时（5秒）的循环电容器充/放电持续超过两个星期也可以实现能量收集。使用开尔文探针和显微镜分析对电极进行操作期间的检查表明，负电荷载体是ERG-HEG设备的主要作用者。低廉的材料成本，简单的制造工艺和能量输出，使得这种用于发电的“绿色”替代方案得到了进一步的发展和规模化。

更新日期：2020-12-14

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