Determining the host range of an invasive insect in a new environment is a key step in the development of management strategies. As the brown marmorated stink bug, Halyomorpha halys Stål, expands into agricultural regions of North America, efforts to elucidate its dietary habits on a landscape scale rely on intensive sampling of potential host plants. Although this approach yields useful information, results can be biased toward common and easily sampled plant species; important hosts can be missed if sampling them is impractical or limited in scope. Here we lay the groundwork for the application of gut content analysis to the feeding ecology of H. halys by investigating the persistence of host plant DNA in the digestive tracts of insects with known feeding histories. Adult H. halys were fed bean seedlings (Phaseolus lunatus L.) for 7 d, followed by a forced host switch to carrot (Daucus carota L.). Insect guts were dissected out at 0, 1, 3, 7, and 14 d following the switch, and host plant chloroplast genes (trnF and trnL) were amplified via polymerase chain reaction. Amplicons were identified using high-throughput sequencing and analyzed for Phaseolus DNA. The original host remained detectable at 3 d (trnF) and 14 d (trnL) in substantial quantities. The proportion of total reads identified as Phaseolus rapidly decreased with time; a concomitant increase in Daucus reads was observed. Our results indicate that high-throughput sequencing of gut contents has great potential for exploring the dietary histories of field-caught H. halys and other phytophagous insects.

中文翻译：

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寄主植物棕色褐臭臭虫肠道中的信号持久性（半翅目：昆虫科）

在新环境中确定入侵昆虫的寄主范围是制定管理策略的关键步骤。随着褐色mar臭臭虫（Halyomorpha halysStål）扩展到北美的农业地区，在景观尺度上阐明其饮食习性的努力依赖于对潜在寄主植物的大量采样。尽管这种方法可提供有用的信息，但结果可能会偏向于常见且易于采样的植物物种。如果无法对重要宿主进行采样或范围有限，则可能会错过重要宿主。在这里，我们通过调查宿主历史中已知的昆虫消化道中宿主植物DNA的持久性，为肠道菌含量分析在H. halys的摄食生态学中的应用奠定了基础。成人给H. halys豆苗（菜豆）喂食7天，然后强制将宿主转为胡萝卜（Daucus carota L.）。转换后第0、1、3、7和14天解剖昆虫的肠道，并通过聚合酶链反应扩增宿主植物的叶绿体基因（trnF和trnL）。使用高通量测序鉴定扩增子，并分析菜豆DNA。原始宿主在3 d（trnF）和14 d（trnL）仍可检测到大量。随着时间的推移，被识别为菜豆的总读取比例迅速下降；随之而来的Daucus增加观察到读数。我们的结果表明，对肠道内容物进行高通量测序具有很大的潜力，可用于探索田间捕获的H. halys和其他植物吞噬性昆虫的饮食历史。