Linking radial growth patterns and moderate‐severity disturbance dynamics in boreal old‐growth forests driven by recurrent insect outbreaks: A tale of opportunities, successes, and failures,Ecology and Evolution

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Linking radial growth patterns and moderate‐severity disturbance dynamics in boreal old‐growth forests driven by recurrent insect outbreaks: A tale of opportunities, successes, and failures
Ecology and Evolution ( IF 2.3 ) Pub Date : 2020-12-14 , DOI: 10.1002/ece3.7080
Maxence Martin _{1,

2,

3} , Cornélia Krause _{1,

3} , Hubert Morin _{1,

3}

Affiliation

In boreal landscapes, emphasis is currently placed on close‐to‐nature management strategies, which aim to maintain the biodiversity and ecosystem services related to old‐growth forests. The success of these strategies, however, depends on an accurate understanding of the dynamics within these forests. While moderate‐severity disturbances have recently been recognized as important drivers of boreal forests, little is known about their effects on stand structure and growth. This study therefore aimed to reconstruct the disturbance and postdisturbance dynamics in boreal old‐growth forests that are driven by recurrent moderate‐severity disturbances. We studied eight primary old‐growth forests in Québec, Canada, that have recorded recurrent and moderately severe spruce budworm (Choristoneura fumiferana [Clem.]) outbreaks over the 20th century. We applied an innovative dendrochronological approach based on the combined study of growth patterns and releases to reconstruct stand disturbance and postdisturbance dynamics. We identified nine growth patterns; they represented trees differing in age, size, and canopy layer. These patterns highlighted the ability of suppressed trees to rapidly fill gaps created by moderate‐severity disturbances through a single and significant increase in radial growth and height. Trees that are unable to attain the canopy following the disturbance tend to remain in the lower canopy layers, even if subsequent disturbances create new gaps. This combination of a low stand height typical of boreal forests, periodic disturbances, and rapid canopy closure often resulted in stands constituted mainly of dominant and codominant trees, similar to even‐aged forests. Overall, this study underscored the resistance of boreal old‐growth forests owing to their capacity to withstand repeated moderate‐severity disturbances. Moreover, the combined study of growth patterns and growth release demonstrated the efficacy of such an approach for improving the understanding of the fine‐scale dynamics of natural forests. The results of this research will thus help develop silvicultural practices that approximate the moderate‐severity disturbance dynamics observed in primary and old‐growth boreal forests.

中文翻译：

将昆虫反复爆发驱动的北方古老森林的径向生长模式与中度干扰动态联系起来：机遇、成功和失败的故事

在北方景观中，目前的重点是贴近自然的管理策略，旨在维持与古老森林相关的生物多样性和生态系统服务。然而，这些策略的成功取决于对这些森林内部动态的准确理解。虽然中等强度的干扰最近被认为是北方森林的重要驱动因素，但对其对林分结构和生长的影响却知之甚少。因此，本研究旨在重建由经常性中度干扰驱动的北方古老森林的干扰和干扰后动态。我们研究了加拿大魁北克省的八个原始森林，这些森林在 20 世纪记录了云杉芽虫（ Choristoneura fumiferana [Clem.]）反复爆发的情况。我们应用基于生长模式和释放的综合研究的创新树木年代学方法来重建林分干扰和干扰后动态。我们确定了九种增长模式；它们代表了年龄、大小和树冠层不同的树木。这些模式凸显了受抑制的树木能够通过径向生长和高度的单一且显着的增加来快速填补由中等严重程度的干扰造成的间隙。即使随后的干扰产生了新的间隙，在干扰后无法到达树冠的树木往往仍保留在较低的树冠层中。北方森林典型的低林分高度、周期性干扰和快速树冠闭合的结合通常导致林分主要由优势树和共优势树组成，类似于同龄森林。总体而言，这项研究强调了北方古老森林的抵抗力，因为它们有能力承受反复的中度干扰。此外，生长模式和生长释放的综合研究证明了这种方法对于提高对天然林细尺度动态的理解的有效性。因此，这项研究的结果将有助于开发类似于在原始和古老的北方森林中观察到的中等强度干扰动态的造林实践。

更新日期：2021-01-08

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