Abstract Numerous localities in the Maine-et-Loire coalfield in northwestern France have yielded diverse adpression floras belonging to the Calymmotheca stangeri Zone, indicating an early Namurian (Serpukhovian–late Mississippian) age. The floristic affinities are with the South European Palaeoprovince, although there is some evidence of an ecotonal relationship with the Central European Palaeoprovince to the north. The geological context of the deposits suggest that the floras may represent vegetation from an intra-montane setting, although at lower elevations compared with the Pennsylvanian-age Variscan intra-montane basins. This represents some of the earliest known examples of coal swamp vegetation, although compared with the Pennsylvanian-aged coal swamps there was a significantly higher proportion of lycopsid species and a lower proportion of medullosaleans. Most of the Maine-et-Loire fossiliferous localities yielded diverse assemblages of lycopsids, equisetopsids, ferns and Calymmotheca species, and these were used to develop a pictorial reconstruction of this early coal swamp vegetation. However, two of the localities yielded adpressions and associated palynofloras with a greater predominance of lycopsids and sphenopsids, suggesting vegetation of wetter habitats. Two other localities yielded species of a more Pennsylvanian aspect such as Cardioneuropteris and Karinopteris, which may represent drier substrate vegetation.

中文翻译：

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来自西北欧的一种罕见的密西西比晚期植物群（缅因州和卢瓦尔河煤田，Pays de la Loire，法国）

摘要 法国西北部缅因-卢瓦尔河煤田的许多地方已经产生了属于 Calymmotheca stangeri 区的多种压陷植物群，表明它是一个早期的 Namurian (Serpukhovian-late Mississippian) 时代。植物区系与南欧古省有亲缘关系，尽管有一些证据表明与北部的中欧古省有生态关系。沉积物的地质背景表明植物群可能代表来自山地环境的植被，尽管与宾夕法尼亚时代的 Variscan 山地盆地相比海拔较低。这代表了一些已知最早的煤沼泽植被例子，尽管与宾夕法尼亚时代的煤沼泽相比，石松属物种的比例明显更高，而髓质物种的比例更低。缅因州和卢瓦尔河的大部分化石产地产生了石松属、木贼属、蕨类植物和 Calymmotheca 物种的不同组合，这些被用来对这种早期的煤沼泽植被进行图像重建。然而，其中两个地区产生了压抑和相关的孢粉植物群，其中石蒜类植物和蝶类植物占主导地位，表明栖息地较湿润的植被。另外两个地方产生了更具有宾夕法尼亚特征的物种，例如 Cardioneuropteris 和 Karinopteris，它们可能代表较干燥的基质植被。equisetopsids、蕨类植物和 Calymmotheca 物种，这些被用来对这种早期的煤沼泽植被进行图像重建。然而，其中两个地区产生了压抑和相关的孢粉植物群，其中石蒜类植物和蝶类植物占主导地位，表明栖息地较湿润的植被。另外两个地方产生了更具有宾夕法尼亚特征的物种，例如 Cardioneuropteris 和 Karinopteris，它们可能代表较干燥的基质植被。equisetopsids、蕨类植物和 Calymmotheca 物种，这些被用来对这种早期的煤沼泽植被进行图像重建。然而，其中两个地区产生了压抑和相关的孢粉植物群，其中石蒜类植物和蝶类植物占主导地位，表明栖息地较湿润的植被。另外两个地方产生了更具有宾夕法尼亚特征的物种，例如 Cardioneuropteris 和 Karinopteris，它们可能代表较干燥的基质植被。