Our study aimed to investigate metabolites alterations in the blood plasma of central serous chorioretinopathy (CSC) patients and to identify the key biomarkers to increase the understanding of the mechanism of CSC at the molecular level. Quantitative and targeted metabolomics using liquid chromatography tandem-mass spectrometry (LCMS, Biocrates P500) assays were performed on plasma samples from the 42 subjects(CSC patients = 30, control = 12) enrolled at the Department of Ophthalmology of People's Hospital Peking University. A total of 61 altered metabolites were distinguished between CSC patients and controls. Taurine was selected as a candidate biomarker for CSC among 6 potential metobolites: taurine, glutamic acid, sarcosine, lactic acid, glutamine and C18_1. The P values of these potential metabolites were 1.01E-06, 7.35E-08, 1.27E-24, and 1.85E-10, 1.02E-05 and 8.59E-08, and the areas under the curve for them were 0.926, 0.991, 1.000, 0.900, 0.897 and 0.841, respectively. This study is the first to identify that taurine may be a biologically relevant biomarker for CSC and to provide a novel understanding of CSC.