In this study, electrospun polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) nanofibers containing filler materials composed of copper oxide and calcium carbonate with different contents were prepared to enhance the electroactive β phase content in the PVDF matrix. The fillers were synthesized using the plasma–liquid electrochemical synthesis method, where copper, a tungsten electrode, and seawater were used as the anode, cathode, and electrolyte, respectively. The atmospheric plasma was generated by applying a high voltage between the electrolyte surface and the tungsten electrode 1 mm above. The electrochemical reactions for particle synthesis were promoted by plasma irradiation, with the charged particles entering the electrolyte. The PVDF solution for the electrospun nanofiber was mixed with the synthesized particles that were a mixture of copper oxide with a dominant fraction of calcium carbonate, as determined using the X-ray diffraction patterns. The structural and the electrical properties of the as-prepared electrospun nanofibers were characterized using microscopy, spectroscopy, and electrical testing. Small loadings of the synthesized particles into in the PVDF matrix induced clear changes in terms of crystallization, morphology, and electrical properties of the prepared materials.

中文翻译：

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通过掺入使用等离子体-液体电化学合成制备的 CaCO3 基 Cu 杂化颗粒增强电纺 PVDF 纤维中的电活性 β 相

在这项研究中，制备了含有由不同含量的氧化铜和碳酸钙组成的填充材料的电纺聚偏二氟乙烯 (PVDF) 纳米纤维，以提高 PVDF 基体中的电活性 β 相含量。填料使用等离子体-液体电化学合成方法合成，其中铜、钨电极和海水分别用作阳极、阴极和电解质。通过在电解质表面和 1mm 以上的钨电极之间施加高电压来产生大气等离子体。等离子体辐射促进了粒子合成的电化学反应，带电粒子进入电解质。用于电纺纳米纤维的 PVDF 溶液与合成颗粒混合，合成颗粒是氧化铜与主要部分碳酸钙的混合物，如使用 X 射线衍射图确定的那样。使用显微镜、光谱学和电学测试表征所制备的电纺纳米纤维的结构和电学特性。PVDF 基体中少量的合成颗粒会导致所制备材料的结晶、形态和电性能发生明显变化。