Determining the characteristics and localization of nanoparticles inside cells is crucial for nanomedicine design for cancer therapy. Hyperspectral imaging is a fast, straightforward, reliable, and accurate method to study the interactions of nanoparticles and intracellular components. With a hyperspectral image, we could collect spectral information consisting of thousands of pixels in a short time. Using hyperspectral images, in this work, we developed a label-free technique to detect nanoparticles in different regions of the cell. This technique is based on plasmonic shifts taking place during the interaction of nanoparticles with the surrounding medium. The unique optical properties of gold nanoparticles, localized surface plasmon resonance bands, are influenced by their microenvironment. The LSPR properties of nanoparticles, hence, could provide information on regions in which nanoparticles are distributed. To examine the potential of this technique for intracellular detection, we used three different types of gold nanoparticles: nanospheres, nanostars and Swarna Bhasma (SB), an Indian Ayurvedic/Sidha medicine, in A549 (human non-small cell lung cancer) and HepG2 (human hepatocellular carcinoma) cells. All three types of particles exhibited broader and longer bands once they were inside cells; however, their plasmonic shifts could change depending on the size and morphology of particles. This technique, along with dark-field images, revealed the uniform distribution of nanospheres in cells and could provide more accurate information on their intracellular microenvironment compared to the other particles. The region-dependent optical responses of nanoparticles in cells highlight the potential application of this technique for subcellular diagnosis when particles with proper size and morphology are chosen to reflect the microenvironment effects properly.

确定纳米粒子在细胞内的特征和定位对于癌症治疗的纳米药物设计至关重要。高光谱成像是研究纳米颗粒与细胞内组分相互作用的一种快速，直接，可靠和准确的方法。使用高光谱图像，我们可以在短时间内收集包含数千个像素的光谱信息。使用高光谱图像，在这项工作中，我们开发了一种无标记技术来检测细胞不同区域中的纳米颗粒。该技术基于在纳米粒子与周围介质相互作用期间发生的等离子体迁移。金纳米颗粒的独特光学性质，局部表面等离振子共振带受其微环境影响。因此，纳米粒子的LSPR特性 可以提供有关纳米颗粒分布区域的信息。为了检查该技术在细胞内检测中的潜力，我们在A549（人类非小细胞肺癌）和HepG2中使用了三种不同类型的金纳米颗粒：纳米球，纳米星和印度Ayurvedic / Sidha药物Swarna Bhasma（SB）。 （人类肝细胞癌）细胞。一旦进入细胞内部，所有这三种类型的颗粒都显示出更宽和更长的条带；然而，它们的等离子位移可能会根据颗粒的大小和形态而改变。该技术与暗场图像一起揭示了纳米球在细胞中的均匀分布，并且与其他颗粒相比，可以提供有关其细胞内微环境的更准确信息。