Abstract Objectives Work‐time control is associated with lower sickness absence rates, but it remains unclear whether this association differs by type of diagnosis and sub‐dimension of work‐time control (control over daily hours and control over time off) and whether certain vulnerable groups benefit more from higher levels of work‐time control. Methods Survey data from the Finnish 10‐town study in 2004 were used to examine if baseline levels of work‐time control were associated with register data on diagnose‐specific sickness absence for 7 consecutive years (n = 22 599). Cox proportional hazard models were conducted, adjusted for age, sex, education, occupational status, shift work including nights, and physical/mental workload. Results During follow‐up, 2,818 individuals were on sick leave (≥10 days) due to musculoskeletal disorders and 1724 due to mental disorders. Employees with high (HR = 0.80, 95% CI 0.74‐0.87; HR = 0.76, 95% CI 0.70‐0.82, respectively) and moderate (HR = 0.83, 95% CI 0.77‐0.90; HR = 0.85, 95% CI 0.79‐0.91, respectively) levels of control over daily hours/control over time off had a decreased risk of sickness absence due to musculoskeletal disorders. Sub‐group analyses revealed that especially workers who were older benefitted the most from higher levels of work‐time control. Neither sub‐dimension of work‐time control was related to sickness absence due to mental disorders. Conclusions Over a 7‐year period of follow‐up, high and moderate levels of work‐time control were related to lower rates of sickness absence due to musculoskeletal disorders, but not due to mental disorders.

中文翻译：

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工作时间控制与肌肉骨骼和精神疾病导致的病假之间的关系：一项职业队列研究


摘要 目标 工作时间控制与较低的因病缺勤率相关，但目前尚不清楚这种关联是否因诊断类型和工作时间控制的子维度（控制每日工作时间和控制休假时间）而有所不同，以及某些弱势群体是否存在差异。群体从更高水平的工作时间控制中受益更多。方法 使用 2004 年芬兰 10 个城镇研究的调查数据来检验工作时间控制的基线水平是否与连续 7 年诊断特定疾病缺勤的登记数据相关（n = 22 599）。建立了 Cox 比例风险模型，并根据年龄、性别、教育程度、职业状况、轮班工作（包括夜间）和体力/脑力工作量进行了调整。结果 随访期间，有 2,818 人因肌肉骨骼疾病请病假（≥10 天），1724 人因精神障碍请病假。高（HR = 0.80，95% CI 0.74-0.87；HR = 0.76，95% CI 0.70-0.82）和中度（HR = 0.83，95% CI 0.77-0.90；HR = 0.85，95% CI 0.79）的员工‐0.91，分别）对日常工作时间的控制/对休息时间的控制水平降低了因肌肉骨骼疾病而缺勤的风险。亚组分析显示，尤其是年龄较大的工人从更高水平的工作时间控制中受益最多。工作时间控制的两个子维度都与精神障碍导致的病假无关。结论 在 7 年的随访期间，高水平和中等水平的工作时间控制与肌肉骨骼疾病导致的因病缺勤率降低有关，但与精神障碍无关。