This report discusses water stress induced changes and their amelioration by added potassium in Sorghum bicolor L. Chlorophylls, carotenoids and the activity of nitrogen metabolizing enzymes viz., nitrate reductase, alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase were adversely affected under water stress and restricted irrigation. Osmotic as well as water stress triggers ROS production while potassium ameliorated these changes to some extent and increased the activity of SOD, CAT, APX and GR and the contents of GSH and AsA. Water stress induced changes ultimately reflecting on growth and yield parameters like plant height, biomass yield, grain yield, days to flowering and days to maturity. Added potassium affected these parameters positively, both under normal and stress conditions, indicating the use of potassium as a tool for mitigating the water stress induced deleterious changes in sorghum to some extent by enhancing the nitrogen use efficiency and strengthening the enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidant components. The results obtained here exhibited similar trends in seedlings and plants raised in sand cultures and field conditions, making them more meaningful and comprehensible.

中文翻译：

---

补钾缓解双色高粱水分胁迫引起的变化

本报告讨论了在双色高粱中添加钾引起的水分胁迫变化及其改善。叶绿素、类胡萝卜素和氮代谢酶的活性，即硝酸还原酶、丙氨酸氨基转移酶和天冬氨酸氨基转移酶在水分胁迫和限制灌溉下受到不利影响。渗透胁迫和水分胁迫触发 ROS 的产生，而钾在一定程度上改善了这些变化，并增加了 SOD、CAT、APX 和 GR 的活性以及 GSH 和 AsA 的含量。水分胁迫引起的变化最终反映在生长和产量参数上，如植物高度、生物量产量、谷物产量、开花天数和成熟天数。在正常和压力条件下，添加钾对这些参数产生积极影响，表明使用钾作为一种工具，通过提高氮利用效率和加强酶促和非酶促抗氧化成分，在一定程度上减轻水分胁迫引起的高粱有害变化。此处获得的结果显示了在沙地培养和田间条件下培育的幼苗和植物的相似趋势，使它们更有意义和易于理解。