The assembly of β‐barrel membrane proteins by BAM and SAM,Molecular Microbiology

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The assembly of β‐barrel membrane proteins by BAM and SAM
Molecular Microbiology ( IF 2.6 ) Pub Date : 2020-12-13 , DOI: 10.1111/mmi.14666
Karl Lundquist ₁ , Evan Billings ₁ , Maxine Bi ₁ , James Wellnitz ₁ , Nicholas Noinaj _{1,

2}

Affiliation

Gram‐negative bacteria, mitochondria, and chloroplasts all possess an outer membrane populated with a host of β‐barrel outer‐membrane proteins (βOMPs). These βOMPs play crucial roles in maintaining viability of their hosts, and therefore, it is essential to understand the biogenesis of this class of membrane proteins. In recent years, significant structural and functional advancements have been made toward elucidating this process, which is mediated by the β‐barrel assembly machinery (BAM) in Gram‐negative bacteria, and by the sorting and assembly machinery (SAM) in mitochondria. Structures of both BAM and SAM have now been reported, allowing a comparison and dissection of the two machineries, with other studies reporting on functional aspects of each. Together, these new insights provide compelling support for the proposed budding mechanism, where each nascent βOMP forms a hybrid‐barrel intermediate with BAM/SAM in route to its biogenesis into the membrane. Here, we will review these recent studies and highlight their contributions toward understanding βOMP biogenesis in Gram‐negative bacteria and in mitochondria. We will also weigh the evidence supporting each of the two leading mechanistic models for how BAM/SAM function, and offer an outlook on future studies within the field.

中文翻译：

BAM和SAM组装β桶膜蛋白

革兰氏阴性菌、线粒体和叶绿体都有一个外膜，上面布满了大量 β 桶外膜蛋白 (βOMPs)。这些 βOMP 在维持其宿主的生存能力方面起着至关重要的作用，因此，了解此类膜蛋白的生物起源至关重要。近年来，在阐明这一过程方面取得了重大的结构和功能进步，该过程由革兰氏阴性菌中的 β 桶组装机制 (BAM) 和线粒体中的分选和组装机制 (SAM) 介导。现在已经报道了 BAM 和 SAM 的结构，允许对这两种机器进行比较和解剖，其他研究报告了每种机器的功能方面。总之，这些新见解为拟议的萌芽机制提供了令人信服的支持，其中每个新生的 βOMP 与 BAM/SAM 形成混合桶中间体，以使其生物发生到膜中。在这里，我们将回顾这些最近的研究，并强调它们对理解革兰氏阴性菌和线粒体中 βOMP 生物发生的贡献。我们还将权衡支持 BAM/SAM 如何发挥作用的两个主要机械模型中的每一个的证据，并提供对该领域未来研究的展望。

更新日期：2020-12-13

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