Abstract The Jbel Haimer copper-sulphide mineralisation occurs at 20 km north of Marrakesh in the Variscan Jebilet massif, Morocco. Most of the ores (up to 3.9 wt. % Cu, ≤ 38 ppm Ag, and up to 2.9 ppm Au) occur as impregnations of NE-SW fault/fracture zones and related tectonic breccia. Two independent stages of fluid circulation and mineral deposition are distinguished. First, Late Variscan high temperature-low pressure metamorphism synchronous of granite intrusion induced percolation of C-H-O-N hydrothermal fluids throughout faults and shear zones. The drop in pressure from lithostatic down to hydrostatic values at temperatures around 350 ± 50°C triggered quartz precipitation associated with minor Sn-As-(Co-Ni) deposits and finally brecciation. The second stage, more recent than Triassic, consists in the deposition of quartz + carbonates, followed by Cu-(Pb-Zn) sulphides (±Ag-Au alloys) in fractures crosscutting 240 Ma microdiorite dikes. Mixing of evaporitic brines likely coming from Triassic formations with low salinity aqueous fluids was responsible for Cu-sulphide deposition at temperatures of around 220-280°C at a depth of 4-5 km. These base metal-rich brines are similar to those from the nearby Roc Blanc Ag-deposit and several other silver and base metal deposits in Morocco, considered as having circulated during the Central Atlantic Ocean opening.

中文翻译：

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Jbel Haïmer（Central Jebilet，摩洛哥）的蒸发盐水和硫化铜矿成因

摘要 Jbel Haimer 硫化铜矿化位于马拉喀什以北 20 公里的摩洛哥瓦里斯坎杰比莱特地块。大多数矿石（最多 3.9 wt. % Cu、≤ 38 ppm Ag 和最多 2.9 ppm Au）以 NE-SW 断层/断裂带和相关构造角砾岩的浸渍形式出现。区分流体循环和矿物沉积的两个独立阶段。首先，花岗岩侵入引起的 CHON 热液渗流在整个断层和剪切带中的晚期瓦里斯坎高温-低压变质作用同步。在大约 350 ± 50°C 的温度下，压力从岩石静力下降到静水压力值，引发了与少量 Sn-As-(Co-Ni) 沉积物相关的石英沉淀，最终形成角砾岩。第二阶段，比三叠纪更近，包括石英+碳酸盐的沉积，其次是 Cu-(Pb-Zn) 硫化物（±Ag-Au 合金）在横切 240 Ma 微闪长岩脉的裂缝中。可能来自三叠纪地层的蒸发盐水与低盐度含水流体的混合导致了硫化铜沉积，温度约为 220-280°C，深度为 4-5 公里。这些富含贱金属的盐水类似于附近的 Roc Blanc Ag 矿床和摩洛哥的其他几个银和贱金属矿床，被认为是在中大西洋开放期间循环的。