Abstract Samples of Al-doped (1–x)K0.5Na0.5Nb0.965Sb0.035O3–x(Bi0.82Al0.18)0.5Na0.5ZrO3 [((1–x)KNNS–xBANZ)] (x = 0.02, 0.03, 0.04, and 0.05) have been prepared by a conventional solid-state method. The results of XRD analysis suggest that the ceramics underwent a typical phase transition from orthorhombic (O) to tetragonal (T) as x was increased. According to the Raman shifts of key vibrational modes, lattice deformation and associated phase transition have been qualitatively deduced. Moreover, the ceramic with x = 0.05 exhibits enhanced piezoelectric properties compared with K0.5Na0.5NbO3 due to an O-T phase boundary (d33 ≈ 258 pC/N and kp ≈ 0.40). More importantly, the mechanism through which small ions function in a KNN lattice, as well as the phase transition, is addressed herein.

中文翻译：

---

Al掺杂KNN-Bi0.5Na0.5ZrO3无铅压电陶瓷的相演化及相关电学性能

Al 掺杂的 (1–x)K0.5Na0.5Nb0.965Sb0.035O3–x(Bi0.82Al0.18)0.5Na0.5ZrO3 [((1–x)KNNS–xBANZ)] (x = 0.02, 0.03、0.04 和 0.05) 已通过常规固态方法制备。XRD 分析的结果表明，随着 x 的增加，陶瓷经历了从正交（O）到四方（T）的典型相变。根据关键振动模式的拉曼位移，定性地推导出晶格变形和相关的相变。此外，由于 OT 相界（d33 ≈ 258 pC/N 和 kp ≈ 0.40），与 K0.5Na0.5NbO3 相比，x = 0.05 的陶瓷表现出增强的压电性能。更重要的是，本文讨论了小离子在 KNN 晶格中起作用的机制以及相变。