The cholesterol-lowering properties of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) isolated from naturally fermented tangerine vinegar were evaluated. A total of 5 Lactobacillus plantarum strains were evaluated in terms of their in vitro cholesterol-lowering and probiotic profiles. Cholesterol removing, bile salt hydrolysis, antioxidant capacity, antimicrobial activity, cell surface properties (autoaggregation, co-aggregation, adhesion to human Caco-2 cells), acid and simulated gastrointestinal fluids tolerance, hemolytic and resistance to 10 antibiotics were examined. The results indicated that all strains have cholesterol removal and antioxidant properties, antimicrobial and bile salt hydrolase activities, co-aggregation and autoaggregation abilities, as well as the ability to adhere to human Caco-2 cells. None of these strains showed either undesirable hemolytic activity or resistance to some clinically significant antibiotics. Among the isolates, strains NF4 and NF2 showed a >50% rate of cholesterol removal. Significant changes in the adhesion of living and dead cells to cholesterol were observed using scanning electron microscopy. Strains NF3 and NF2 showed better antioxidant activity. Strain NF2 showed the best adherence ability to human Caco-2 cells. Likewise, strain NF4 showed optimal autoaggregation and co-aggregation, notable rates of survival in fluids of the simulated gastrointestinal tract, and the best survival rate and the highest cholesterol-reducing rate (55.8%). These results suggested that L. plantarum NF4 could be used as a potential hypolipidemic probiotic.

评估了从天然发酵橘醋中分离出的乳酸菌（LAB）的降胆固醇性能。总共对5株植物乳杆菌进行了体外评估降低胆固醇和益生菌的特性。检查了胆固醇的去除，胆汁盐的水解，抗氧化能力，抗菌活性，细胞表面特性（自动聚集，共聚集，对人Caco-2细胞的粘附），酸和模拟胃肠液的耐受性，溶血性和对10种抗生素的抗性。结果表明，所有菌株均具有去除胆固醇和抗氧化性能，抗微生物和胆汁盐水解酶活性，共聚集和自聚集能力，以及粘附人Caco-2细胞的能力。这些菌株均未显示出不良的溶血活性或对某些具有临床意义的抗生素的抗药性。在分离物中，菌株NF4和NF2显示胆固醇去除率> 50％。使用扫描电子显微镜观察到活细胞和死细胞对胆固醇的粘附性发生了显着变化。菌株NF3和NF2显示出更好的抗氧化活性。NF2菌株显示出对人Caco-2细胞的最佳粘附能力。同样，NF4菌株表现出最佳的自动聚集和共聚集，在模拟胃肠道液体中的存活率显着，并且具有最佳的存活率和最高的胆固醇降低率（55.8％）。这些结果表明 最高的生存率和最高的胆固醇降低率（55.8％）。这些结果表明 最高的生存率和最高的胆固醇降低率（55.8％）。这些结果表明植物乳杆菌NF4可用作潜在的降血脂益生菌。