AIM Developmental Coordination Disorder (DCD) is a common neurodevelopmental disorder usually diagnosed at primary-school-age. This systematic review aimed to summarize available standardized motor assessments before five years of age predicting DCD, complex Minor Neurological Disorder (cMND) and motor delay assessed by a standardized motor test. METHODS A systematic search was performed in MEDLINE, CINAHL, WoS, Scopus, CENTRAL and ERIC. A hand search was executed. Only data of non-Cerebral Palsy children was included. RESULTS At or before two years, the BSID, motor subtests of GMDS, NOMAS, and NSMDA might be valuable in detecting school-aged motor delay, while starting at three years, the PDMS, motor subtests of GMDS, NSDMA, M-ABC-2, and CAMPB show promising results. General movements Assessment is associated with cMND, but does not seem sensitive enough to detect DCD. Predictive values are superior in high-risk groups and improve as children age. However, no assessment instrument reached 80% sensitivity and specificity. CONCLUSION Standardized motor assessments before five years seem valuable in detecting early motor problems. More longitudinal research commencing in infancy, including multiple assessments over time and the implementation of clear diagnostic criteria is imperative.

中文翻译：

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五岁前标准化运动评估预测学龄运动结果，包括 DCD：系统评价

AIM 发育性协调障碍 (DCD) 是一种常见的神经发育障碍，通常在小学阶段被诊断出来。本系统评价旨在总结可预测 DCD、复杂性轻微神经障碍 (cMND) 和通过标准化运动测试评估的运动延迟的 5 岁之前可用的标准化运动评估。方法 在 MEDLINE、CINAHL、WoS、Scopus、CENTRAL 和 ERIC 中进行系统搜索。执行了手动搜索。仅包括非脑瘫儿童的数据。结果在两年或之前，BSID、GMDS、NOMAS 和 NSMDA 的运动子测试可能对检测学龄运动迟缓有价值，而从三年开始，PDMS、GMDS、NSDMA、M-ABC 的运动子测试 - 2，和 CAMPB 显示出有希望的结果。一般运动评估与 cMND 相关，但似乎不够灵敏，无法检测 DCD。预测值在高危人群中更为优越，并随着儿童年龄的增长而提高。然而，没有任何评估工具达到 80% 的敏感性和特异性。结论 五年前的标准化运动评估对于检测早期运动问题似乎很有价值。更多从婴儿期开始的纵向研究，包括随着时间的推移进行多次评估和实施明确的诊断标准是必不可少的。