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Characterization of a preclinical PET insert in a 7 tesla MRI scanner: beyond NEMA testing
Physics in Medicine & Biology ( IF 3.3 ) Pub Date : 2020-12-10 , DOI: 10.1088/1361-6560/aba08c
Willy Gsell 1 , Cesar Molinos 2 , Carlos Correcher 2 , Sarah Belderbos 1 , Jens Wouters 3 , Sven Junge 2 , Michael Heidenreich 2 , Greetje Vande Velde 1 , Ahmadreza Rezaei 4 , Johan Nuyts 4 , Christopher Cawthorne 3 , Frederik Cleeren 5 , Lise Nannan 1 , Christophe M Deroose 4 , Uwe Himmelreich 1, 6 , Antonio J Gonzalez 7
Affiliation  

This study evaluates the performance of the Bruker positron emission tomograph (PET) insert combined with a BioSpec 70/30 USR magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scanner using the manufacturer acceptance protocol and the NEMA NU 4–2008 for small animal PET. The PET insert is made of 3 rings of 8 monolithic LYSO crystals (50 50 10 mm3) coupled to silicon photomultipliers (SiPM) arrays, conferring an axial and transaxial FOV of 15 cm and 8 cm. The MRI performance was evaluated with and without the insert for the following radiofrequency noise, magnetic field homogeneity and image quality. For the PET performance, we extended the NEMA protocol featuring system sensitivity, count rates, spatial resolution and image quality to homogeneity and accuracy for quantification using several MRI sequences (RARE, FLASH, EPI and UTE). The PET insert does not show any adverse effect on the MRI performances. The MR field homogeneity is well preserved (Diameter Spherical Volume, for 20 mm of 1.98 4.78 without and −0.96 5.16 Hz with the PET insert). The PET insert has no major effect on the radiofrequency field. The signal-to-noise ratio measurements also do not show major differences. Image ghosting is well within the manufacturer specifications (<2.5%) and no RF noise is visible. Maximum sensitivity of the PET insert is 11.0% at the center of the FOV even with simultaneous acquisition of EPI and RARE. PET MLEM resolution is 0.87 mm (FWHM) at 5 mm off-center of the FOV and 0.97 mm at 25 mm radial offset. The peaks for true/noise equivalent count rates are 410/240 and 628/486 kcps for the rat and mouse phantoms, and are reached at 30.34/22.85 and 27.94/22.58 MBq. PET image quality is minimally altered by the different MRI sequences. The Bruker PET insert shows no adverse effect on the MRI performance and demonstrated a high sensitivity, sub-millimeter resolution and good image quality even during simultaneous MRI acquisition.



中文翻译:

在7特斯拉MRI扫描仪中表征临床前PET插入物:超越NEMA测试

这项研究使用制造商接受协议和NEMA NU 4–2008对小动物PET评估了布鲁克正电子发射断层扫描仪(PET)插入件与BioSpec 70/30 USR磁共振成像(MRI)扫描仪结合使用的性能。PET插入物由3个8块整体LYSO晶体(50 50 10 mm 3)耦合到硅光电倍增管(SiPM)阵列,从而提供15 cm和8 cm的轴向和跨轴FOV。在有或没有插入物的情况下,针对以下射频噪声,磁场均匀性和图像质量对MRI性能进行了评估。为了提高PET性能,我们将NEMA协议扩展了系统灵敏度,计数率,空间分辨率和图像质量,以使用多个MRI序列(RARE,FLASH,EPI和UTE)进行量化的均一性和准确性。PET插入物对MRI性能没有任何不利影响。MR场的均匀性得到了很好的保留(直径球形体积,对于20 mm的1.98 4.78,不带PET插入物,而-0.96 5.16 Hz的PET插入物)。PET插件对射频场没有重大影响。信噪比测量也没有显示出主要差异。图像重影完全在制造商规定的范围内(<2.5%),并且看不到任何RF噪声。即使同时获取EPI和RARE,PET插入物在FOV中心的最大灵敏度也为11.0%。PET MLEM分辨率在FOV偏心5 mm处为0.87 mm(FWHM),在25 mm径向偏移处为0.97 mm。对于大鼠和小鼠体模,真实/噪声等效计数率的峰值分别为410/240和628/486 kcps,分别达到30.34 / 22.85和27.94 / 22.58 MBq。不同的MRI序列对PET图像质量的影响最小。Bruker PET插入物对MRI性能没有不利影响,即使在同时进行MRI采集期间,也显示出高灵敏度,亚毫米分辨率和良好的图像质量。即使同时获取EPI和RARE,PET插入物在FOV中心的最大灵敏度也为11.0%。PET MLEM分辨率在FOV偏心5 mm处为0.87 mm(FWHM),在25 mm径向偏移处为0.97 mm。对于大鼠和小鼠体模,真实/噪声等效计数率的峰值分别为410/240和628/486 kcps,分别达到30.34 / 22.85和27.94 / 22.58 MBq。不同的MRI序列对PET图像质量的影响最小。Bruker PET插入物对MRI性能没有不利影响,即使在同时进行MRI采集期间,也显示出高灵敏度,亚毫米分辨率和良好的图像质量。即使同时获取EPI和RARE,PET插入物在FOV中心的最大灵敏度也为11.0%。PET MLEM分辨率在FOV偏心5 mm处为0.87 mm(FWHM),在25 mm径向偏移处为0.97 mm。对于大鼠和小鼠体模,真实/噪声等效计数率的峰值分别为410/240和628/486 kcps,分别达到30.34 / 22.85和27.94 / 22.58 MBq。不同的MRI序列对PET图像质量的影响最小。Bruker PET插入物对MRI性能没有不利影响,即使在同时进行MRI采集期间,也显示出高灵敏度,亚毫米分辨率和良好的图像质量。径向偏移25毫米时为97毫米。对于大鼠和小鼠体模,真实/噪声等效计数率的峰值分别为410/240和628/486 kcps,分别达到30.34 / 22.85和27.94 / 22.58 MBq。不同的MRI序列对PET图像质量的影响最小。Bruker PET插入物对MRI性能没有不利影响,即使在同时进行MRI采集期间,也显示出高灵敏度,亚毫米分辨率和良好的图像质量。径向偏移25毫米时为97毫米。对于大鼠和小鼠体模,真实/噪声等效计数率的峰值分别为410/240和628/486 kcps,分别达到30.34 / 22.85和27.94 / 22.58 MBq。不同的MRI序列对PET图像质量的影响最小。Bruker PET插入物对MRI性能没有不利影响,即使在同时进行MRI采集期间,也显示出高灵敏度,亚毫米分辨率和良好的图像质量。

更新日期:2020-12-10
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