If the problems related to the parts and measurement strategy of Coordinate Measuring Machines (CMMs) are not taken into consideration, temperature variations become the main source of measurement uncertainties. Indeed, they may cause variations in geometry as well as reference point drift. The effect of drift is sometimes minimized by CMM users and is not well quantified in general. The aim of this paper is to present a physical method to determine the evolution of CMM geometry and drift which is based directly on CMM temperature variations and construction parameters, i.e. the position of the axes measurement scales and reference points of each axis. The method is applied to a Zeiss CMM Contura G2. The consequences of these CMM evolutions are simulated in the measurement of a sphere generated by a Renishaw Machine Checking Gauge. The proposed method falls within the framework of an uncertainty assessment methodology performed by multi-level Monte Carlo simulation, where the first level corresponds to the characterization of the CMM evolution.

如果不考虑与坐标测量机（CMM）的零件和测量策略有关的问题，温度变化将成为测量不确定性的主要来源。实际上，它们可能会导致几何形状变化以及参考点漂移。CMM用户有时会将漂移的影响降到最低，并且通常无法很好地量化。本文的目的是提出一种直接基于三坐标测量机温度变化和构造参数（即，轴测量刻度的位置和每个轴的参考点）确定三坐标测量机几何形状和漂移演变的物理方法。该方法应用于Zeiss CMM Contura G2。这些三坐标测量机演变的结果在雷尼绍机床检查规生成的球体的测量中进行了模拟。