A particle-in-cell simulation of a powerful reflex triode with a radially converging magnetized electron beam was carried out. The complex dynamics of the electron beam and the generation characteristics of the reflex triode were studied. It is shown that a virtual cathode and, for the first time, a disk-shaped squeezed state of the beam were formed in it. Radial profiles of the electron temperature and a number of electrons in the squeezed state were calculated. It was calculated that the peak microwave power reaches $P =300$ MW and the average power $ < P> =115$ MW at a beam current of $I_{0} =5$ kA and cathode potential of $U_{c} = -100$ kV. The microwave radiation spectrum is noise-like in the range 0–15 GHz.

中文翻译：

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具有会聚磁化电子束的径向反射三极管中高功率微波辐射的 PIC 仿真

对具有径向会聚磁化电子束的强大反射三极管进行了细胞内粒子模拟。研究了电子束的复杂动力学和反射三极管的发生特性。结果表明，在其中形成了虚拟阴极，并且首次形成了束的盘状挤压状态。计算了电子温度的径向分布和压缩状态下的电子数量。计算出微波峰值功率达到 $P = 300$ MW和平均功率 $<P> =115$ 束流下的 MW $I_{0} =5$ kA 和阴极电位 $U_{c} = -100$ 千伏。微波辐射频谱在 0–15 GHz 范围内类似于噪声。