Both motor and cognitive function rehabilitation benefits can be improved significantly by patients’ active participation. To this goal, an attention enhancement system based on the brain–computer interface (BCI) and audiovisual feedback is proposed. First, an interactive position-tracking riding game is designed to increase the training challenge and neural engagement. Subjects were asked to drive one of the avatars to keep up with another by adjusting their riding speed and attention. Second, the subject’s electroencephalogram (EEG)-based attention level is divided into three regions (low, moderate, and high) by using the theta-to-beta ratio (TBR). According to the subject’s attention states, different speed adjustment strategies are adopted to adjust the tracking challenge and improve the subject’s attention. Besides, if the subject’s attention focused on the training is moderate or low, an auditory feedback will be given to remind the subject to pay more attention to the training. The contrast experimental results show that subjects’ performance indicated by overall attention level and average muscle activation can be improved significantly by using the attention enhancement system, which validates the feasibility of the proposed system for improving the neural and motor engagement.

中文翻译：

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提高神经康复的参与度：基于脑机接口和视听反馈的注意力增强

患者的积极参与可以显着提高运动和认知功能康复的益处。为此，提出了一种基于脑机接口（BCI）和视听反馈的注意力增强系统。首先，交互式位置跟踪骑行游戏旨在增加训练挑战和神经参与度。受试者被要求通过调整他们的骑行速度和注意力来驾驶其中一个化身来跟上另一个化身。其次，受试者的基于脑电图 (EEG) 的注意力水平通过使用 theta-to-beta 比 (TBR) 分为三个区域（低、中和高）。根据被试的注意力状态，采用不同的速度调整策略来调整跟踪挑战，提高被试的注意力。除了，如果受试者对训练的注意力集中在中度或低度，则会给出听觉反馈，提醒受试者更加注意训练。对比实验结果表明，使用注意力增强系统可以显着提高以整体注意力水平和平均肌肉激活表示的受试者的表现，这验证了所提出的提高神经和运动参与度的系统的可行性。