This study is conducted based on the pressing environmental issue in Malaysia of heavy metals concentrations in wastewater systems. The wastewater system includes the Klang River and its tributaries; the Gombak River and Penchala river; ex-mining areas, and wastewater treatment plants. One of the major causes of heavy metal pollution in rivers is the illegal dumping of industrial waste directly into rivers without proper treatment. This study is done to determine the effectiveness of a treatment system in removing heavy metals within system boundary, under the assumption that the treatment plant operates at 95% efficiency; analysing the generation of heavy metal from sources of pollution to the treatment system; and comparing the effectiveness of heavy metal removal systems based on different scenarios accordingly to the needs of standard requirements of effluents discharge. STAN2.6 software is used in this study to establish the flow of the heavy metals from its origin to its discharge from the treatment plant. Heavy metal concentrations are manipulated under various conditions, including wet flow and dry flow season. Based on the levels of heavy metals, MFA is used to evaluate the concentration of treated heavy metals and the amount of heavy metals allowed to be discharged after treatment according to Standard A and Standard B. Based on this study, it was found that the amount of heavy metals in the river flow exceeds the allowable amount of heavy metal discharge both in upstream and downstream locations. Few assumptions were made in this study due to restricted data availability.

这项研究是根据马来西亚废水系统中重金属浓度的紧迫环境问题进行的。废水系统包括巴生河及其支流；鹅麦河和彭查拉河；矿区和废水处理厂。造成河流重金属污染的主要原因之一是未经适当处理直接将工业废物非法倾倒在河流中。本研究旨在确定处理系统在去除系统边界内重金属方面的有效性，假设处理厂以 95% 的效率运行；分析从污染源到处理系统产生的重金属；并根据污水排放标准要求的需要，比较基于不同场景的重金属去除系统的有效性。本研究中使用 STAN2.6 软件来确定重金属从其来源到其从处理厂排放的流程。重金属浓度在各种条件下进行操作，包括湿流和干流季节。以重金属含量为基础，MFA用于评价处理后的重金属浓度和按照标准A和标准B处理后允许排放的重金属量。河流中重金属的排放量超过了上游和下游位置的重金属排放量。