Purpose of Review

Environmental pollutants are threat to human beings. Pollutants can lead to human health and environment hazards. The purpose of this review is to summarize the work done on detection of environmental pollutants using DNA nanosensors and challenges in the areas that can be focused for safe environment.

Recent Findings

Most of the DNA-based nanosensors designed so far use DNA as recognition element. ssDNA, dsDNA, complementary mismatched DNA, aptamers, and G-quadruplex DNA are commonly used as probes in nanosensors. More and more DNA sequences are being designed that can specifically detect various pollutants even simultaneously in complex milk, wastewater, soil, blood, tap water, river, and pond water samples. The feasibility of direct detection, ease of designing, and analysis makes DNA nanosensors fit for future point-of-care applications.

Summary

DNA nanosensors are easy to design and have good sensitivity. DNA component and nanomaterials can be designed in a controlled manner to detect various environmental pollutants. This review identifies the recent advances in DNA nanosensor designing and opportunities available to design nanosensors for unexplored pathogens, antibiotics, pesticides, GMO, heavy metals, and other toxic pollutant.

中文翻译：

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DNA 纳米传感器在环境监测中的应用：最新进展和展望

 审查目的

环境污染物对人类构成威胁。污染物会导致人类健康和环境危害。本综述的目的是总结使用 DNA 纳米传感器检测环境污染物方面所做的工作以及可重点关注的安全环境领域的挑战。

 最近的发现

迄今为止设计的大多数基于DNA的纳米传感器都使用DNA作为识别元件。单链DNA、双链DNA、互补错配DNA、适体和G-四链体DNA通常用作纳米传感器中的探针。越来越多的 DNA 序列正在被设计出来，甚至可以同时特异性地检测复杂的牛奶、废水、土壤、血液、自来水、河流和池塘水样中的各种污染物。直接检测的可行性、易于设计和分析使得 DNA 纳米传感器适合未来的护理点应用。

 概括

DNA纳米传感器易于设计且具有良好的灵敏度。 DNA成分和纳米材料可以以受控的方式设计来检测各种环境污染物。这篇综述确定了 DNA 纳米传感器设计的最新进展，以及为未开发的病原体、抗生素、农药、转基因生物、重金属和其他有毒污染物设计纳米传感器的机会。