Evaluative conditioning is one of the most widely studied procedures for establishing and changing attitudes. The surveillance task is a highly cited evaluative-conditioning paradigm and one that is claimed to generate attitudes without awareness. The potential for evaluative-conditioning effects to occur without awareness continues to fuel conceptual, theoretical, and applied developments. Yet few published studies have used this task, and most are characterized by small samples and small effect sizes. We conducted a high-powered (N = 1,478 adult participants), preregistered close replication of the original surveillance-task study (Olson & Fazio, 2001). We obtained evidence for a small evaluative-conditioning effect when “aware” participants were excluded using the original criterion—therefore replicating the original effect. However, no such effect emerged when three other awareness criteria were used. We suggest that there is a need for caution when using evidence from the surveillance-task effect to make theoretical and practical claims about “unaware” evaluative-conditioning effects.

中文翻译：

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通过监视任务形成偶然的态度：Olson 和 Fazio (2001) 研究的预注册复制

评价性条件反射是研究最广泛的建立和改变态度的程序之一。监视任务是一种被高度引用的评价性调节范式，并且据称会在没有意识的情况下产生态度。在没有意识的情况下发生评估性调节效应的可能性继续推动概念、理论和应用的发展。然而，很少有已发表的研究使用了这个任务，而且大多数研究的特点是样本量小，效应量小。我们对原始监测任务研究 (Olson & Fazio, 2001) 进行了大规模（N = 1,478 名成人参与者）、预先注册的密切复制。当使用原始标准排除“有意识”的参与者时，我们获得了一个小的评估条件效应的证据——因此复制了原始效应。然而，当使用其他三个认识标准时，没有出现这种效果。我们建议，在使用来自监视任务效应的证据对“无意识”评估条件效应做出理论和实践声明时，需要谨慎。