The immunogenicity of SARS-CoV-2 proteome is largely unknown, especially for non-structural proteins and accessory proteins. Here we collected 2,360 COVID-19 sera and 601 control sera. We analyzed these sera on a protein microarray with 20 proteins of SARS-CoV-2, built an antibody response landscape for IgG and IgM. We found that non-structural proteins and accessory proteins NSP1, NSP7, NSP8, RdRp, ORF3b and ORF9b elicit prevalent IgG responses. The IgG patterns and dynamic of non-structural/ accessory proteins are different from that of S and N protein. The IgG responses against these 6 proteins are associated with disease severity and clinical outcome and declined sharply about 20 days after symptom onset. In non-survivors, sharp decrease of IgG antibodies against S1 and N protein before death was observed. The global antibody responses to non-structural/ accessory proteins revealed here may facilitate deeper understanding of SARS-CoV-2 immunology.

中文翻译：

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针对SARS-CoV-2蛋白质组的抗体研究显示非结构/辅助蛋白与结构蛋白之间存在显着差异

SARS-CoV-2蛋白质组的免疫原性很大程度上未知，尤其是对于非结构蛋白和辅助蛋白。在这里，我们收集了2360个COVID-19血清和601个对照血清。我们在具有20种SARS-CoV-2蛋白质的蛋白质微阵列上分析了这些血清，建立了IgG和IgM的抗体反应格局。我们发现非结构蛋白和辅助蛋白NSP1，NSP7，NSP8，RdRp，ORF3b和ORF9b引起普遍的IgG反应。非结构/辅助蛋白的IgG模式和动态与S和N蛋白不同。针对这6种蛋白的IgG反应与疾病的严重程度和临床结果相关，在症状发作后约20天急剧下降。在非幸存者中，观察到死亡前针对S1和N蛋白的IgG抗体急剧下降。