Abstract

Shrimp aquaculture over the years has made tremendous progress. The application of modern biotechnological tools, including next-generation sequencing (NGS) techniques, has revolutionized the genomics of commercially important aquaculture species. Genetic improvement programmes targeting desired economic traits are being implemented worldwide with knowledge gained through development of genetic resources. These genetic resources form the basis to understand and develop the strategy for selective breeding of aquaculture species for improved performance. In view of serious disease outbreaks in shrimp aquaculture, and lack of understanding of key biological, reproductive and physiological functions at the molecular level, it has become critical to develop and exploit the available genomic resources to the full potential. This review presents recent progress in development of genetic resources such as transcriptomics, genomics, DNA markers and linkage maps having future potential in selective breeding programmes for commercially important penaeid species.

摘要

多年来虾类养殖取得了长足的进步。包括下一代测序（NGS）技术在内的现代生物技术工具的应用彻底改变了重要的水产养殖物种的基因组学。目前正在全球范围内实施针对期望的经济特征的遗传改良计划，其中涉及通过遗传资源开发获得的知识。这些遗传资源构成了了解和发展水产养殖物种选择性育种以提高性能的战略的基础。鉴于虾类水产养殖中的严重疾病暴发，并且对分子水平的关键生物学，生殖和生理功能缺乏了解，因此，充分开发和开发可用的基因组资源已变得至关重要。