Abstract

Knowledge of an energy functioning of nanoscale system is essential both in the theoretical description and the experimental research. One of the energy behavior aspects which is critical for nanoscale system is dependence between energy and temperature that related to so called thermodynamic uncertainty relation (TUR). Existence of thermodynamic uncertainty relation (TUR) with the meaning similar to the known ratio in quantum physics for position and momentum has been in the focus of physics community for a long time. Recently, similar relation (STUR) was shaped in statistical physics to the form of a limit on an entropy production rate for the system driven into an arbitrary nonequilibrium state. In this paper, we suggest the new model for energy balance of nanoscale systems and demonstrate its applicability for obtaining the both TUR and STUR.

摘要

在理论描述和实验研究中，了解纳米级系统的能量功能都是必不可少的。对于纳米系统至关重要的能量行为方面之一是能量和温度之间的依赖性，这与所谓的热力学不确定性关系（TUR）有关。具有与量子物理学中已知的位置和动量比相似的含义的热力学不确定性关系（TUR）的存在一直是物理学界关注的焦点。最近，类似关系（STUR）在统计物理学中被塑造成对被驱使到任意非平衡状态的系统的熵产生速率的限制形式。在本文中，我们提出了一种用于纳米级系统能量平衡的新模型，并证明了其在获得TUR和STUR方面的适用性。