Abstract

Lead, copper, and cadmium ions were simultaneously extracted from a diluted acidic aqueous solution using Bis-2-ethylhexyl phosphoric acid (D2EHPA) as a carrier, Sorbitan monooleate (Span 80) as a surfactant, Kerosene as a diluent, and H₂SO₄ as a reagent. The effect of the pH of the external phase, surfactant, and carrier concentrations, speed of the homogenizer, and the volume ratio (v/v %) of the external/membrane phases on the system performance were investigated. High extraction efficiencies of Pb²⁺, Cu²⁺, and Cd²⁺ ions were obtained; 100%, 100%, and 98%, respectively. A minimum breakage of 1.8% was also obtained at the best operating conditions. A modeling study of the system has shown no significant interaction effects of the three solutes (Pb²⁺, Cu²⁺, and Cd²⁺) on each other. Therefore, the three solutes permeate from the feed phase to the stripping phase due to their chemical potential. The competitive transport of the three ions at low initial concentrations has been found to be comparable. At low concentrations, the low diffusion rates of the three ions were compensated by the increase of their distribution coefficients. This has been reflected on the enhancement of the transport rates of the three solutes through the membrane to be comparable.

摘要

使用Bis-2-乙基己基磷酸（D2EHPA）作为载体，山梨聚糖单油酸酯（Span 80）作为表面活性剂，煤油作为稀释剂和H ₂ SO从稀释的酸性水溶液中同时萃取铅，铜和镉离子。₄作为试剂。研究了外相的pH，表面活性剂和载体浓度，均化器的速度以及外/膜相的体积比（v / v％）对系统性能的影响。Pb 2 ⁺，Cu ²⁺和Cd ^2+的高提取效率获得离子；100％，100％和98％。在最佳操作条件下，还获得了1.8％的最小破损率。该系统的模型研究表明，三种溶质（Pb 2 ⁺，Cu ²⁺和Cd ²⁺）彼此之间没有显着的相互作用。因此，三种溶质由于其化学势而从进料阶段渗透到汽提阶段。已经发现在低初始浓度下这三种离子的竞争性传输是可比较的。在低浓度下，三种离子的低扩散速率通过其分布系数的增加得到补偿。这已经反映为三种溶质通过膜的传输速率的提高，具有可比性。