Three unique marble relief sculptures of the Roman period from Ancient Corinth were studied using a variety of non-invasive and minimal invasive techniques. The sculptures are of similar size, relief technique, and distinguished material compared to all other sculptures in Corinth. Thus, apart from the interest in identifying the origin of this distinct marble the question of whether they could belong to the same original monument is raised. To tackle this question, we used: (a) optical examination of the whole objects in-situ under transmitted light from a standard lumen source and using portable digital microscopes, (b) stable isotopes δ¹³C and δ¹⁸O (IRMS), (c) electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy (EPR) and (d) selective thin-section examination. The results indicated that all three reliefs are made of the same marble. Moreover, their identical isotopic signature signifies that they could even belong to the same block of marble that was used for building the monument. As for the provenance of the marble, detailed treatment of the results concluded that the most likely origin must be the white marble quarries of the Mani peninsula in the Peloponnese. This find provides new evidence for the circulation of white Mani marble in Roman times.

中文翻译：

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古科林斯三座大理石浮雕的来源调查：玛尼白色大理石流传的新证据

使用各种非侵入性和微创技术研究了古科林斯古罗马时期的三座独特的大理石浮雕。与科林斯的所有其他雕塑相比，这些雕塑具有相似的尺寸、浮雕技术和卓越的材料。因此，除了对确定这种独特大理石的起源感兴趣之外，还提出了它们是否属于同一原始纪念碑的问题。为了解决这个问题，我们使用了：（a）在来自标准流明源的透射光下并使用便携式数码显微镜对整个物体进行原位光学检查，（b）稳定同位素 δ ¹³ C 和 δ ¹⁸O (IRMS)、(c) 电子顺磁共振波谱 (EPR) 和 (d) 选择性薄片检查。结果表明，所有三个浮雕均由相同的大理石制成。此外，它们相同的同位素特征表明它们甚至可能属于用于建造纪念碑的同一块大理石。至于大理石的来源，对结果的详细处理得出的结论是，最有可能的产地一定是伯罗奔尼撒半岛马尼半岛的白色大理石采石场。这一发现为罗马时代白色玛尼大理石的流通提供了新的证据。