Diverse cellular morphologies during lumen maturation in Anopheles gambiae larval salivary glands,Insect Molecular Biology

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Diverse cellular morphologies during lumen maturation in Anopheles gambiae larval salivary glands
Insect Molecular Biology ( IF 2.3 ) Pub Date : 2020-12-11 , DOI: 10.1111/imb.12689
M Chiu _{1,

2} , B Trigg _{1,

2} , M Taracena ₃ , M Wells _{1,

2,

4}

Affiliation

Mosquitoes are the greatest animal threat to human health, causing hundreds of millions of infections and around 1 million deaths each year. All mosquito‐borne pathogens must traverse the salivary glands (SGs) to be transmitted to the next host, making this organ an ideal target for interventions. The adult SG develops from precursor cells located in the larval SG duct bud. Characterization of the larval SG has been limited. We sought to better understand larval SG architecture, secretion and gene expression. We developed an optimized method for larval SG staining and surveyed hundreds of larval stage 4 (L4) SGs using fluorescence confocal microscopy. Remarkable variation in SG cell and chromatin organization differed among individuals and across the L4 stage. Lumen formation occurred during L4 stage through secretion likely involving a coincident cellular apical lipid enrichment and extracellular vesicle‐like structures. Meta‐analysis of microarray data showed that larval SG gene expression is divergent from adult SGs, more similar to larval gastric cecae, but different from other larval gut compartments. This work highlights the variable cell architecture of larval Anopheles gambiae SGs and provides candidate targets for genetic strategies aiming to disrupt SGs and transmission of mosquito‐borne pathogens.

中文翻译：

冈比亚按蚊幼虫唾液腺管腔成熟过程中不同的细胞形态

蚊子是对人类健康最大的动物威胁，每年造成数亿人感染和约 100 万人死亡。所有蚊媒病原体都必须穿过唾液腺（SG）才能传播给下一个宿主，使该器官成为干预的理想目标。成虫 SG 由位于幼虫 SG 管芽中的前体细胞发育而来。幼虫 SG 的表征有限。我们试图更好地了解幼虫 SG 结构、分泌和基因表达。我们开发了一种优化的幼虫 SG 染色方法，并使用荧光共聚焦显微镜调查了数百个幼虫 4 期 (L4) SG。 SG 细胞和染色质组织的显着变化在个体之间和整个 L4 阶段都存在差异。管腔形成发生在 L4 阶段，通过分泌可能涉及一致的细胞顶端脂质富集和细胞外囊泡样结构。微阵列数据的荟萃分析表明，幼虫SG基因表达与成虫SG不同，与幼虫胃盲肠更相似，但与其他幼虫肠道区室不同。这项工作强调了冈比亚按蚊幼虫SG 的可变细胞结构，并为旨在破坏 SG 和蚊媒病原体传播的遗传策略提供了候选靶标。

更新日期：2020-12-11

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