Abstract Saffron is one of the most appreciated and expensive spices in the world and serves as a traditional Chinese medicine in China. Shanghai Chongming Island, as the main production area of saffron in China, has formed a unique "two-segment" cultivation mode since the 1980s. The study evaluated the effects of different temperatures and incubation periods on flower initiation and flowering of saffron. From mid-June, corms were placed in a cultivation chamber without any substrate under 30 °C, −25 °C, and −15 °C, or 25 °C and −15 °C for phased constant temperature treatment, or under 25 °C, 20 °C and 15 °C for continuous constant temperature treatment, respectively. The optimal temperature (between 20 and 25 °C) compared to the natural temperature can effectively promote the initiation time of flower differentiation and shorten the flower differentiation process. Meanwhile, inappropriate incubation temperature, such as constant temperature at 15 °C or 25 °C, results in no flower initiation, or flower interruption and atrophy, respectively. In summary, incubation of corms at a slightly high temperature (about 30 °C) for 2∼3 weeks, then transfer to a suitable temperature (about 25 °C) for 1∼2 months, and final transfer to a lower temperature (about 15∼20 °C) for flowering, which is a suitable temperature condition to promote flowering, can induce saffron to enter in its full flowering stage on early October. These results can provide a theoretical basis for indoor environment conditions to regulate saffron flowering under the “two-segment” cultivation model.

中文翻译：

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环境温度对藏红花（Crocus sativus L.）成花和开花的影响

摘要 藏红花是世界上最受欢迎、最昂贵的香料之一，是我国的传统中药。上海崇明岛作为我国藏红花的主产区，自1980年代以来形成了独特的“两段式”栽培模式。该研究评估了不同温度和潜伏期对藏红花开花和开花的影响。从6月中旬开始，将球茎置于30°C、-25°C和-15°C或25°C和-15°C以下进行分阶段恒温处理或25°以下的无底物培养室中C、20°C 和 15°C 分别用于连续恒温处理。相对于自然温度的最适温度（20～25℃之间）可以有效促进花分化的起始时间，缩短花的分化过程。同时，不适当的孵化温度，如恒温在 15 °C 或 25 °C，分别导致不开花，或开花中断和萎缩。综上所述，球茎在稍高的温度（约30°C）下孵育2~3周，然后转入适宜温度（约25°C）1~2个月，最后转入较低的温度（约30°C）。 15～20℃)开花，这是促进开花的适宜温度条件，可以促使藏红花在10月初进入盛花期。