A new network architecture, named as RF-based battery-free sensor network, was proposed in recent years to overcome the lifetime limitation of traditional wireless sensor networks. In an RF-based battery-free sensor network, the battery-free nodes equip no battery and can be recharged by RF-signals. The Dominating Set (DS) is a key method to maintain the coverage of traditional WSNs, and it can be also adopted in the RF-based battery-free sensor networks. However, considering the specific features of RF-based battery-free sensor networks, the DS construction is totally different from that in traditional WSNs. Thus, the problem of constructing DS in a battery-free sensor network is deeply investigated in this article. The NP-Hardness of such problem is proved. Four approximation algorithms are proposed to deal with the snapshot and continuous DS construction requirements, respectively. The approximation ratios of these four algorithms have been analyzed, and the theoretical results show that all these four algorithms are effective. Furthermore, the electromagnetic interference problem in the RF-based battery-free sensor network is considered and defined. An approximated algorithm is proposed to solve such problem. Finally, extensive simulations are carried out. The experimental results verify that the proposed algorithms have high performance in terms of accuracy and efficiency.

中文翻译：

---

具有全覆盖保证的基于射频的无电池传感器网络中的主导集构建

近年来提出了一种新的网络架构，称为基于射频的无电池传感器网络，以克服传统无线传感器网络的寿命限制。在基于射频的无电池传感器网络中，无电池节点不配备电池，可以通过射频信号进行充电。支配集（DS）是维持传统无线传感器网络覆盖范围的关键方法，也可用于基于射频的无电池传感器网络。然而，考虑到基于射频的无电池传感器网络的具体特点，DS 结构与传统 WSN 完全不同。因此，本文深入研究了在无电池传感器网络中构建 DS 的问题。证明了该问题的NP-Hardness。提出了四种近似算法来分别处理快照和连续DS构造要求。对这四种算法的逼近比进行了分析，理论结果表明这四种算法都是有效的。此外，考虑并定义了基于射频的无电池传感器网络中的电磁干扰问题。提出了一种近似算法来解决该问题。最后，进行了广泛的模拟。实验结果验证了所提出的算法在准确性和效率方面具有较高的性能。考虑并定义了基于射频的无电池传感器网络中的电磁干扰问题。提出了一种近似算法来解决该问题。最后，进行了广泛的模拟。实验结果验证了所提出的算法在准确性和效率方面具有较高的性能。考虑并定义了基于射频的无电池传感器网络中的电磁干扰问题。提出了一种近似算法来解决该问题。最后，进行了广泛的模拟。实验结果验证了所提出的算法在准确性和效率方面具有较高的性能。