The technical innovations are based on the principles of science with the assurance of outweighing their cost and risk factors with the benefits to society. But sometimes, the innovation either itself becomes a risk or brings in some risk factors along with it. For most of the alleyway of an innovation from its emergence to its road to societal acceptance and adoption, the focus remains on the benefits majorly. Only when we are at the neck of the hour we think about some of the apparent cost and risk issues. The understanding, proper communication, and address of the basics of risk factors are necessarily required much in advance to deal with this issue. Nanoparticles with very small size and huge surface area are being derived from various plants, microbes, chemical compounds, metals, and metal alloys. Without our realizations, nanotechnology has become a vital part of our day-to-day life, and nanoparticles are proving their worth in almost every field ranging from food, water, medicine, agriculture, construction, fashion, electronics, and computers to eco-remediation, but what about the costs involved and the risks associated? We strongly need to recognize these concerns and challenges, and it requires collaborative efforts from academicians, researchers, industries, government, and non-government organizations to involve people in dialogs to deal with them. Through reviewing various studies and articles on nanotechnology, this review has shown that nanotechnology can productively be used to produce consumer goods for pharma, electronics, food, agriculture, aviation, construction, security, and remediation sectors which are advantages in their characteristics. Regarding the future of nanotechnology, we need to focus on assessment and management of risks associated for its promising market growth.

中文翻译：

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根据成本、收益和风险评估纳米技术

技术创新以科学原理为基础，并确保其成本和风险因素与社会效益相得益彰。但有时，创新要么本身成为一种风险，要么随之带来一些风险因素。对于从出现到社会接受和采用的创新之路的大部分时间，重点仍然主要放在收益上。只有当我们处于关键时刻时，我们才会考虑一些明显的成本和风险问题。必须提前了解、正确沟通和解决风险因素的基础知识才能处理此问题。具有非常小尺寸和巨大表面积的纳米颗粒来自各种植物、微生物、化合物、金属和金属合金。没有我们的觉悟，纳米技术已成为我们日常生活的重要组成部分，纳米粒子在食品、水、医药、农业、建筑、时尚、电子、计算机和生态修复等几乎所有领域都证明了其价值，但是所涉及的成本和相关风险？我们强烈需要认识到这些问题和挑战，需要院士、研究人员、行业、政府和非政府组织的共同努力，让人们参与对话以应对它们。通过回顾各种关于纳米技术的研究和文章，本综述表明，纳米技术可以有效地用于生产具有优势的制药、电子、食品、农业、航空、建筑、安全和修复部门的消费品。