Stemazole is a novel small molecule that has been suggested to have the ability to protect multiple stem cells. The proliferation-promoting activity and promising neuroprotective effects of stemazole make it a prospective drug for neurodegenerative disease treatment. Since previous studies have shown that it protective effect in extreme conditions, to understand more aspects of stemazole, in this study, a systematic tandem mass tags (TMT)-labelled proteomics approach was used to address the whole proteome expression profile with or without stemazole in normal conditions instead of extreme conditions. Bioinformatics analyses, including Gene Ontology (GO), Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment and protein-protein interaction (PPI) network analyses, were employed. The effect of stemazole on the expression profiles of neural stem cells was obtained. A total of 408 proteins with changes at the abundance level of two groups were identified: 178 proteins increase in abundance and 240 proteins decrease in abundance, respectively. Low abundance of some mitochondrial respiratory chain enzyme, overproduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reduction of mitochondrial membrane potential may indicate stemazole has cytotoxicity. It is the first proteomics research about stemazole, and the possible cytotoxicity of stemazole has been reported for the first time. The information about proteins that were affected by stemazole and more characteristics of stemazole will help obtain a complete picture of this small molecule drug. These findings provide a scientific basis for further stemazole treatment research.

中文翻译：

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小分子Stemazole对人类神经干细胞影响的定量蛋白质组学分析

Stemazole是一种新颖的小分子，已被证明具有保护多个干细胞的能力。干唑的增殖促进活性和有希望的神经保护作用使其成为神经退行性疾病治疗的前瞻性药物。由于先前的研究表明，在极端条件下具有保护作用，因此要了解塞拉唑的更多方面，在这项研究中，系统性的串联质量标签（TMT）标记的蛋白质组学方法用于解决在有或没有塞拉唑的情况下整个蛋白质组表达谱。正常条件而不是极端条件。进行了生物信息学分析，包括基因本体论（GO），京都市基因与基因组百科全书（KEGG）途径富集和蛋白质-蛋白质相互作用（PPI）网络分析。获得了干唑对神经干细胞表达谱的影响。总共鉴定了两组蛋白质的408个蛋白质，它们的丰度水平发生了变化：丰度分别增加178个蛋白质和240个蛋白质。某些线粒体呼吸链酶的丰度低，活性氧（ROS）的过量产生和线粒体膜电位的降低可能表明草达唑具有细胞毒性。这是有关草达唑的首次蛋白质组学研究，并且首次报道了草达唑的可能的细胞毒性。有关受茎唑影响的蛋白质的信息以及茎唑的更多特征将有助于获得这种小分子药物的完整图片。这些发现为进一步的唑醇治疗研究提供了科学依据。