Adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) can maintain self-renewal and enhanced multidifferentiation potential through the release of a variety of paracrine factors and extracellular vesicles, allowing them to repair damaged organs and tissues. Consequently, considerable attention has increasingly been paid to their application in tissue engineering and organ regeneration. Here, we provide a comprehensive overview of the current status of ADSC preparation, including harvesting, isolation, and identification. The advances in preclinical and clinical evidence-based ADSC therapy for bone, cartilage, myocardium, liver, and nervous system regeneration as well as skin wound healing are also summarized. Notably, the perspectives, potential challenges, and future directions for ADSC-related researches are discussed. We hope that this review can provide comprehensive and standardized guidelines for the safe and effective application of ADSCs to achieve predictable and desired therapeutic effects.

中文翻译：

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脂肪干细胞：多种组织再生的当前应用和未来方向。

脂肪干细胞（ADSC）可以通过释放多种旁分泌因子和细胞外囊泡来维持自我更新和增强的多分化潜能，从而使它们能够修复受损的器官和组织。因此，它们在组织工程和器官再生中的应用越来越受到关注。在这里，我们提供了ADSC准备工作的当前状态的全面概述，包括收获，分离和鉴定。还总结了基于临床前和临床证据的ADSC治疗骨骼，软骨，心肌，肝脏和神经系统再生以及皮肤伤口愈合的进展。值得注意的是，讨论了ADSC相关研究的观点，潜在挑战和未来方向。